How many states and capitals of India are there ?

As of 2023, there are a total of 28 states and capitals with 8 Union Territories in India. Earlier, there were 29 states, but after the abolition of Article 370, the state of Jammu and Kashmir lost its status as a state in India. Since then, the former Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir has been divided into two different Union Territories.

Why India was divided into 28 states and 8 union territories?

India is a big country with a vast population. Hence, to administer and govern it properly, India was divided into states and capitals. As of now, there are 28 states and 8 union territories. We have provided a list of Indian states and their capitals in the article above.

Which Union Territory was merged in January 2020?

On 26th January 2020, Daman and Diu merged with Dadra and Nagar Haveli to be called ‘Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu’. The plan to merge the two UTs was proposed in the year 2019, and the current capital is Daman. All four geographical entities were previously under the rule of Portuguese Goa.

Which is the last state to be created in India?

Telangana is the last state to be created as per the formation dates of states in India, i.e. on 2nd June 2014. Before this, there were 28 states in India. Telangana was separated from Andhra Pradesh due to political and social tensions that led to the demand for a separate state.

How many scheduled languages are there?

The Indian Constitution recognizes 22 scheduled languages which are mentioned under the Eighth Schedule of the Indian Constitution. Furthermore, the Eighth Schedule consists of 22 languages that enjoy the status of official languages of India. Languages play an important role in the identity of the Indian states.

Which is the first Indian state to be formed on a linguistic basis?

Andhra Pradesh is the first Indian state to be formed on a linguistic basis out of the 28 states of India. The states and capitals are formed keeping various factors in mind by the Parliament. One of the vital factors is language, as linguistic barriers and identities can create tensions in communities.

What is the difference between Union Territory and State?

When learning about the states and capitals of India, one must also learn the difference between a state and Union Territory. A state has autonomous administrative powers and is governed by the elected government. Whereas a union territory is governed by the Central Government through Lieutenant Governor.

What is the official language of Sikkim?

English is the official language of Sikkim. Candidates must make an effort to learn about the official languages of India and how they can differ as per the state. As of 2023, there are 22 languages that have been given the status of the official language of India.

Who decides the States and Capitals of India?

The states and capitals are mainly divided by the Parliament of India. It is a practice that is done to set boundaries and maintain jurisdiction in a particular area. The capital is decided on the basis of the law and constitution and the branch of government that governs that place.

What is the capital of India?

The capital of India is New Delhi. New Delhi is considered a Union Territory and was inaugurated as the national capital of India during the British rule. Before that, Calcutta (present-day Kolkata) was the capital of India. You can learn more about states and capitals of India in the article.

How many Union Territories are there in India?

There are 8 Union Territories in India. These are Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Chandigarh, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, Lakshadweep, Delhi, Puducherry (Pondicherry), Jammu and Kashmir, and Ladakh (after the reorganization of Jammu and Kashmir in 2019)

Which state was bifurcated to make union territory?

The state of Jammu and Kashmir was bifurcated to create two Union Territories in India – Jammu and Kashmir, and Ladakh. This bifurcation took place on August 5, 2019, when the Indian government revoked the special status of Jammu and Kashmir under Article 370 of the Indian Constitution and reorganized the state into two separate Union Territories.

What are the names of 28 States in India?

India is divided into 28 states, namely Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Goa, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, and Uttarakhand. These states have their own administrative capitals and governments, and together they form the federal structure of India.

Where can I find the list of 28 States of India and their languages?

You can find the list of 28 States of India and their languages in this post. Here you can find a comprehensive and detailed list of all 28 states of India, along with the languages spoken in each state. It may include information about the official languages, and regional languages that are commonly spoken in different states across the diverse cultural and linguistic landscape of India.

28 States of India and their Languages, Capitals & Formation Dates

By BYJU'S Exam Prep

Updated on: September 25th, 2023

States and Capitals of India: Knowing 28 States of India and their Languages is of utmost importance for candidates who want to ace competitive exams like SSC, Railway, UPSC, etc. These exams comprise the General Knowledge section through which candidates’ knowledge of day-to-day activities or happenings around the world is tested. It is one of the most scoring subjects where candidates can attempt the maximum number of questions in less time.

Every year, this section comprises questions on the States of India, including their capitals, languages, formation dates, population, etc. Therefore, it is mandatory for the candidates to be aware of and also memorize the states and capitals of India and their languages for SSC Exam preparation. Read further to know more about it and download the states and capitals of India PDF.

Table of content

1. States and Capitals of India
2. Indian States and Capitals
3. States and Capitals of India PDF
4. States and Capitals of India: Classification
5. List of States and Capitals of India
6. States and Capitals of India Map
7. 28 States of India and their Languages
8. Difference Between States and Union Territories Of India
9. Indian Union Territories and Capitals
10. States and Capitals of India 2023 Formation Dates
11. Indian Union Territories Formation Dates

States and Capitals of India

Most candidates are often confused about the states of India and their capitals. If you are also one of them, here we are to put a stop to all your confusion and queries. Earlier, there were 29 Indian states, however, after the revocation of the special status of Jammu & Kashmir, the state was converted into a Union Territory. After the revocation, J&K and Ladakh were converted into two Union Territories of India on October 31st, 2019. This resulted into 28 states and 8 union territories of India.

Indian States and Capitals

Currently, India has 28 states and 8 Union territories. Earlier, there were 29 Indian states and 7 union territories but after the revocation of the special status of Jammu Kashmir, granted under Article 370, two new union territories of India were formed, which are Ladakh and Jammu & Kashmir. All the Indian states and union territories (UTs) are governed by the Central and State governments based on the federal structure. While the States and Capitals of India are governed by their elected government and Chief Minister as their elected head, Union Territories are administrated by the Central Government.

In this article, we have discussed about states and capitals of India, their languages, and formation dates along with the map of India. This information will be very helpful for all SSC and Railways Exams 2023, especially the ones listed below:

States and Capitals of India PDF

Even if you are not preparing for the SSC Exams you must know everything about the States of India as a responsible Indian citizen. Below, we have also provided a PDF on States and Capitals for those who are preparing for competitive exams. You can simply click on the link mentioned below to download the States of India and their capitals PDF.

States and Capitals Of India PDF

States and Capitals of India: Classification

The States and Capitals of India are categorized into administrative, legislative, and judicial capitals. The administrative capital is where the executive resides and runs the government. The judicial capital is where the high court of the state is located and the legislative capital is where the state’s legislative assembly is situated. You must note here that we are referring to the administrative capital while discussing 28 states and capitals of India below.

List of States and Capitals of India

With effect from January 26, 2020, India’s total number of states is 28 and 8 union territories. Below, we have listed the names of all the India States and Capitals along with the population:

S.No	Name of Indian State	Capital of Indian State	Population (2021 Estimates)
1	Andhra Pradesh	Amaravati	5.27 Crores
2	Arunachal Pradesh	Itanagar	15.33 Lakhs
3	Assam	Dispur	3.50 Crores
4	Bihar	Patna	12.30 Crores
5	Chhattisgarh	Raipur	2.95 Crores
6	Goa	Panaji	16 Lakhs
7	Gujarat	Gandhinagar	7 Crores
8	Haryana	Chandigarh	2.95 Crores
9	Himachal Pradesh	Shimla	74 Lakhs
10	Jharkhand	Ranchi	3.85 Crores
11	Karnataka	Bengaluru	6.70 Crores
12	Kerala	Thiruvananthapuram	3.55 Crores
13	Madhya Pradesh	Bhopal	8.45 Crores
14	Maharashtra	Mumbai	12.44 Crores
15	Manipur	Imphal	31.65 Lakhs
16	Meghalaya	Shillong	33 Lakhs
17	Mizoram	Aizawl	12.16 Lakhs
18	Nagaland	Kohima	22 Lakhs
19	Odisha	Bhubaneswar	4.55 Crores
20	Punjab	Chandigarh	3 Crores
21	Rajasthan	Jaipur	7.92 Crores
22	Sikkim	Gangtok	6.77 Lakhs
23	Tamil Nadu	Chennai	7.65 Crores
24	Telangana	Hyderabad	3.80 Crores
25	Tripura	Agartala	41 Lakhs
26	Uttar Pradesh	Lucknow	23 Crores
27	Uttarakhand	Dehradun	1.14 Crores
28	West Bengal	Kolkata	9.8 Crores

States and Capitals of India Map

The below map highlights the list of States and Union Territories formed in India along with their formation dates:

28 States of India and their Languages, Capitals & Formation Dates

Image Credits: mapsofindia.com

28 States of India and their Languages

India is known for its diverse languages and we take pride in the fact that the language varies after a few km. Along with the 28 India States and their Capitals, you must learn the languages of India too. Indian Constitution recognizes 22 languages under the Eighth Schedule. We have divided the list into the official languages and languages spoken in every State of India.

The following is a list of 28 States of India and their Languages:

States of India	Capitals of India	Official Languages of India	Regional Languages of India
Andhra Pradesh	Hyderabad (Proposed capital Amaravati)	Telugu	Telugu, Urdu, Hindi, Tamil and Marathi
Arunachal Pradesh	Itanagar	English	Nishi, Adi, Bengali, Nepali and Hindi
Assam	Dispur	Assamese	Assamese, Bengali, Hindi, Bodo, Nepali
Bihar	Patna	Hindi	Hindi (Bhojpuri and Magadhi dialects), Maithili, Urdu, Bengali and Santali
Chattisgarh	Raipur	Hindi	Hindi (Chhattisgarhi), Odia, Bengali, Telugu and Marathi
Goa	Panaji	Konkani	Konkani, Marathi, Hindi, Kannada and Urdu
Gujarat	Gandhinagar	Gujarati	Gujarati, Hindi, Sindhi, Marathi, and Urdu
Haryana	Chandigarh	Hindi	Hindi (Haryanvi and Mewati dialects), Punjabi, Urdu, Bengali, and Maithili
Himachal Pradesh	Shimla	Hindi	Hindi, Punjabi, Nepali, Kashmiri, and Dogri
Jharkhand	Ranchi	Hindi	Hindi (Bhojpuri, Magadhi, and Nagpuri dialects), Santhali, Bengali, Urdu, and Odia
Karnataka	Bengaluru (Formerly Bangalore)	Kannada	Kannada, Urdu, Telugu, Tamil, and Marathi
Kerala	Thiruvananthapuram	Malayalam	Malayalam, Tamil, Tulu, Kannada and Konkani
Madhya Pradesh	Bhopal	Hindi	Hindi, Marathi, Urdu, Sindhi, and Gujarati
Maharashtra	Mumbai	Marathi	Marathi
Manipur	Imphal	Meitei (Manipuri)	Manipuri, Nepali, Hindi, and Bengali
Meghalaya	Shillong	English	Khasi, Garo, Bengali Nepali and Hindi
Mizoram	Aizawl	Mizo, English & Hindi	Mizo, English, Hindi, Manipuri, and Chakma
Nagaland	Kohima	English	Ao, Konyak, Angami, Sema and Lotha
Odisha	Bhubaneswar	Odia	Odia, Bengali, Telugu Hindi and Santali
Punjab	Chandigarh	Punjabi	Punjabi and Hindi
Rajasthan	Jaipur	Hindi	Rajasthani and Hindi
Sikkim	Gangtok	English	Bhutia, Hindi, Nepali, Lepcha, Limbu
Tamil Nadu	Chennai	Tamil	Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Urdu, and Malayalam
Telangana	Hyderabad	Telugu	Telugu, Urdu, Marathi Kannada and Hindi
Tripura	Agartala	Bengali, English & Kokborok	Bengali, Tripuri, Manipuri, Kakborak
Uttar Pradesh	Lucknow	Hindi	Hindi (including Awadhi, Bhojpuri, Braj Bhasha and Khari Boli dialects)
Uttarakhand	Dehradun (Winter) Gairsain (Summer)	Hindi	Hindi (including the Garhwali, Kumaoni, and Jaunsari dialects)
West Bengal	Kolkata	Bengali	Bengali

Difference Between States and Union Territories Of India

If you are always in the dilemma of ‘what is the difference between States and Union Territories of India’, or ‘Why Union Territories are not States’, here’s an answer to all your questions. The table below highlights the difference between the Indian States and Union Territoritories:

Particulars	State	Union Territories
Administration & Definition	A State has its units for administration through its elected government A State is run through either unicameral or bicameral legislature	Union Territory is administered and controlled by the Central Government through Lieutenant Governor (LG) Delhi and Puducherry both are UTs which are governed by LG, Chief Minister, and Council of Ministers
Executive Head	Governor	Lieutenant Governor
Relationship with Centre	Federal in character	Unitary in character
Autonomy	Completely exist	Does not exist

Indian Union Territories and Capitals

Since January 26, 2020, the Union Territories Daman and Diu has been merged with Dadra and Nagar Haveli, making it one union territory of India, according to a bill enacted by Parliament during the winter session. The number of UTs has been reduced to eight following the merger of Daman & Diu with Dadra and Nagar Haveli.

The below table enlists the complete list of Indian Union Territories and their capitals along with population which is organized as per the established year:

Union territories of India	Union Territories and their Capitals	Population (2021 Estimates)
Delhi	New Delhi	3.5 crores
Puducherry	Pondicherry	15.71 Lakhs
Andaman and Nicobar Islands	Port Blair	4 Lakhs
Lakshadweep	Kavaratti	68000
Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu	Daman	10.77 Lakhs
Chandigarh	Chandigarh	10,55,450
Ladakh	Leh	2.97 Lakhs
Jammu and Kashmir	Srinagar (Summer), Jammu (Winter)	1.34 Crores

States and Capitals of India 2023 Formation Dates

The formation of a state/union territory is commemorated by the celebration of Foundation Days of Indian States. Some of the Indian States Formation Dates are being declared official state holidays by these Indian states. Let us check the States of India formation dates given in the table below:

S.NO	States of India	Formation Dates
1	Andhra Pradesh	1st November 1956
2	Arunachal Pradesh	20 February 1987
3	Assam	26th January 1950
4	Bihar	26th January 1950
5	Chhattisgarh	1st November 2000
6	Goa	30th May 1987
7	Gujarat	1st May 1960
8	Haryana	1st November 1966
9	Himachal Pradesh	25th January 1971
10	Jharkhand	15th November 2000
11	Karnataka	1st November 1956
12	Kerala	1st November 1956
13	Madhya Pradesh	1st November 1956
14	Maharashtra	1st May 1960
15	Manipur	21st January 1972
16	Meghalaya	21st January 1972
17	Mizoram	20th February 1987
18	Nagaland	1st December 1963
19	Odisha	26th January 1950
20	Punjab	1st November 1956
21	Rajasthan	1st November 1956
22	Sikkim	16th May 1975
23	Tamil Nadu	26th January 1950
24	Telangana	2nd June 2014
25	Tripura	21st January 1972
26	Uttar Pradesh	26th January 1950
27	Uttarakhand	9th November 2000
28	West Bengal	1st November 1956

Indian Union Territories Formation Dates

The table given below enlists the formation dates of Union Territories of India. Ladakh and Jammu and Kashmir are two last formed union territories after the revocation of the special status of Jammu and Kashmir. Take a look at the Indian Union Territories’ formation dates below.

Union territories of India	Formation Date
Delhi	1st Nov 1956
Puducherry	1st Nov 1954
Andaman and Nicobar Islands	1st Nov 1956
Lakshadweep	1st Nov 1956
Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu	26 Jan 2020
Chandigarh	1st Nov 1966
Ladakh	31st Oct 2019
Jammu and Kashmir	31st Oct 2019

Since you know everything about one of the most important topics of SSC CGL General Awareness Syllabus i.e. States and Capitals of India, you must begin your preparation now!

Related Article:
SSC CGL Eligibility	SSC CGL Salary
SSC CGL Vacancy	SSC CGL Selection Process
SSC CGL Syllabus	SSC CGL Cut Off
SSC CGL Question Papers	SSC CGL Preparation Strategy

28 States of India and their Languages, Capitals & Formation Dates

States and Capitals of India

Indian States and Capitals

States and Capitals of India PDF

States and Capitals of India: Classification

List of States and Capitals of India

States and Capitals of India Map

28 States of India and their Languages

Difference Between States and Union Territories Of India

Indian Union Territories and Capitals

States and Capitals of India 2023 Formation Dates

Indian Union Territories Formation Dates

FAQs on States and Capitals of India

How many states and capitals of India are there ?

Why India was divided into 28 states and 8 union territories?

Which Union Territory was merged in January 2020?

Which is the last state to be created in India?

How many scheduled languages are there?

Which is the first Indian state to be formed on a linguistic basis?

What is the difference between Union Territory and State?

What is the official language of Sikkim?

Who decides the States and Capitals of India?

What is the capital of India?

How many Union Territories are there in India?

Which state was bifurcated to make union territory?

What are the names of 28 States in India?

Where can I find the list of 28 States of India and their languages?

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