Profit, Loss and Discount for CGL ( Part III)

Solution:

Given, the ratio of the selling price of item I and II for company A is 4 : 3 and the ratio of their cost price were 8:9. Company A made the profit on item I. 
From the table, profit% of company A = 10%. 
Let the cost price of item I and item II be 8a and 9a respectively. 
Let the profit% made be p%. 
Selling price of item I = 8a + 10% of 8a = 8.8a 
Selling price of item II = 9a + p% of 9a = 9a (100 + p)/100 
 
⇒2.2 = 3(100 + p)/100 
⇒220 = 300 + 3p 
 
Thus, a loss% of occurred. 

2. A sold an article to B at 20 % profit. B sold it to C at 10 % profit. C again sold it to A at 10 % loss. Then what is overall profit or loss of A?

Solution :

Let the initial cost price of the article for A =100 rs. 
Profit = 20 % =20 rs. 
So selling price by A = 120rs. 
Selling price by A will be the cost price for B. 
Cost price for B = 120 rs. 
Profit = 10% 
Selling price by B = 120+10 % of 120 = 132 rs. 
Selling price by B will be the cost price for C. 
Cost price for C = 132 rs. 
Loss = 10% 
Selling price by C= 132-10% of 132=118.8 rs. 
This will be again cost price for A. 
But initial cost price = 100 rs. 
So, loss = 118.80-100=18.80 rs. 
But initially, A got the profit = 20 rs. 
Overall profit/loss=20-18.80=+1.20 rs. (Positive sign denotes the profit) 
So, for 100 rs CP profit = 1.20 rs 
So profit percentage = 1.2 %

3. A salesman sells two Shaving trimmers having same cost price, one at 10% loss and the other at 12% profit. What is the net loss or profit?

Solution:

Let the CP of one trimmer be x 
Then the total cost price = 2x 
Total selling price = 0.9x+1.12x = 2.02x 
Profit = (2.02/2) * 100 = 1%

4. A fruit-seller bought some mangoes at some price. He sold of them in the morning at 25% profit. Due to the festival on next day, he increased the prices in the evening and sold them at 40% profit. But, due to increased prices, his sales reduced and 25% of those remaining mangoes got wasted. Find his overall profit or loss percent.

Solution:

Let the seller buys ‘n’ mangoes for Rs. 100 each 
CP of 1 mango = Rs.100 
⇒ CP of n mangoes =100n 
When 3/5^th of total was sold: 
⇒ SP for 1 mango = 100(1+25/100) =Rs.125 
⇒ SP for 3n/5 mangoes= 125*3n/5 = 75n 
Now, Remaining mangoes = 2n/5 
Out of these 25% wasted 
So, Remaining =  
These are sold at 40% profit i.e. for Rs.140 each 
⇒ ∴ Total SP = 75n + 140*3n/10 = 117n 
We can see that, profit is made. 

5.If a shopkeeper marks the price of goods 50% more than their cost price and allows a discount of 40%. What is his gain or loss percent?

Solution:

C.P.= ₹ 100 
Marked price = ₹ 150 
Seller provides 40% discount on the marked price, 
⇒ S.P.= 150 × 60/ 100= ₹ 90 
⇒ Loss= (S.P – C.P.) × 100 /C.P. 
= (90 – 100) × 100 /100 
= - 10% (negative sign indicates loss)

6.A dealer marks his goods 20% above cost price. He then allows some discount on it and makes a profit of 8%. The rate of discount is

Solution: 

Let the rate of discount be x%, then 
MP = CP[1 + 20%] 
Now, as given in the question 
 
 
⇒ x = 10%

7. Nikita bought 30 kg of wheat at the rate of ₹ 9.50 per kg and 40 kg of wheat at the rate of ₹ 8.50 per kg and mixed them. She sold the mixture at the rate of ₹ 8.90 per kg. Her total profit or loss in the transaction was:

Solution: Total CP of 70 kg of wheat 
= ₹ (30 x 9.5+ 40 x 8.5) 
= ₹ (285 + 340) = ₹ 625 
Total S.P. of 70kg of wheat 
= ₹ (8.90 x 70) = ₹ 623 
 Loss = ₹ (625 – 623) = ₹ 2

8. The selling price of 25 articles is equal to the cost price of 30 articles. Find gain or loss percent.

Solution:

According to the question,

 
 
Now, let S.P. = 6x and C.P. = 5x 
∴Profit percent = 

9. A shopkeeper sold sarees at ₹ 266 each after giving 5% discount on the labelled price. Had he not given the discount, he would have earned a profit of 12% on the cost price. What was the cost price of each saree?

Solution:

C.P. of each sari = Rs. x 

10. A man sells two articles at Rs.99 each. In one he gains 10% and on the other, he lost 10%. What is his gain or loss percent on the whole transaction?

Here, x=10 
∴Loss per cent