Profit, Loss and Discount for CGL (Part 2)

Type 1: 

The cost price of 40 articles is the same as the selling price of 25 articles. Find the gain per cent. (CGL-2012)

(a) 65%                                

(b) 60%

(c) 15%                                

(d) 75%

Answer: (b) Gain per cent

=(40-25)/25×100

=15/25×100=60%

Type 2:

Bananas are bought at the rate of 6 for Rs. 5 and sold at the rate of 5 for Rs. 6. Profit percent is:  (CGL-2004)

(a) 36%                                

(b) 42%

(c) 44%                                

(d) 48%

Answer : (c) To avoid fraction, let the number of bananas bought

LCM of 5 and 6 = 30

CP of 30 bananas

= 5 x 5 = Rs. 25

SP of 30 Bananas = 6 x 6

= Rs. 36

Profit = Rs. (36-25) = Rs. 11

Profit %

= 11/25×100=44%

Type 3:

A man bought oranges at the rate of 8 for Rs 34 and sold them at the rate of 12 for Rs. 57. How many oranges should be sold to earn a net profit of Rs 45? (CGL-2011)

(a) 90                                    

(b) 100

(c) 135                                  

(d) 150

Answers: (a) Let the man buy 24 (LCM of 8 and 12) oranges.

C.P. of 24 oranges  = 34/8  ×24 = Rs. 102

S.P. of 24 oranges = 57/12×24=  Rs. 114

Gain = 114 – 102 = Rs. 12

Rs. 12 = 24 oranges

Rs. 45 =  24/12×45= 90 oranges

Type 4: 

A shopkeeper earns a profit of 12% on selling a book at 10% discount on printed price. The ratio of the cost price to the printed price of the book is? (CGL-2013)

(a) 45 : 56                                

 (b) 50 : 61

(c) 90 : 97                                 

(d) 99 : 125

Answer:  (a) C.P. of the book = Rs. x

Printed price = Rs. y

(y×90)/100=x × 112/100

x/y=90/112=45/56

Type 5: 

A dealer sold two types of goods for Rs 10,000 each. On one of them, he lost 20% and on the other he gained 20%. His gain or loss per cent in the entire transaction was (CGL-2012)

(a) 2% loss                          

(b) 2% gain

(c) 4% gain                         

(d) 4% loss

Answer:  (d) Here, S.P. is same, Hence there is always a loss. Loss per cent =(20×20)/100=4%

 Type 6: 

On selling an article for Rs 170, a shopkeeper loses 15%. In order to gain 20%, he must sell that article at rupees: (CGL-2013)

(a) 215.50                           

(b) 212.50

(c) 240                                

(d) 210

Answer  (c) S.P. of article = (170/85)*120 = Rs. 240

Type 7:

An article is sold at a loss of 10%. Had it been sold for Rs. 9 more, there would have been a gain of 12 1/2% on it. The cost price of the article is (CGL – 2002)

(a) Rs. 40                                             

(b) Rs. 45

(c) Rs. 50                                             

(d) Rs. 35

Answers: (a) Let the cost price of the article = Rs. x

S.P. at 10% loss

= x×90/100= Rs. 9x/10

1. P. at 12 1/2 % gain

x  × (100+12 1/2)/100 = Rs. 225x/200

According to the question

9x/10 + 9 = 225x/200

180x + 1800 = 225x

x = Rs. 40

Type 8: 

A sells a suitcase to B at 10% profit. B sells it to C at 30% profit. If C pays Rs 2860 for it, then the price at which a bought it is (CGL-2013)

(a) 1000                                               

(b) 1600

(c) 2000                                               

(d)  2500

Answer:  (c) If the C.P. of the suitcase for A be Rs. x, then

x ×110/100×130/100=2860

x=(2860×100×100)/(110×130) = Rs. 2000

 Type 9:

A tradesman sold an article at a loss of 20%. If the selling price had been increased by Rs. 100, there would have been a gain of 5%. The cost price of the article was: (CGL-2004)

(a) Rs. 200                                          

(b) Rs. 25

(c) Rs. 400                                          

(d) Rs. 250

Answer  (c) Let the C.P. of the article be Rs. x.

105% of x - 80% of x = Rx. 100

25% of x = Rx. 100

x = Rs. (100×100)/25

= Rs. 400