Define Bond Order. Calculate the Bond Order of C₂, H₂, and N₂.
By BYJU'S Exam Prep
Updated on: September 25th, 2023
The bond order of a molecule is determined by the number of bonding electrons and the number of anti-bonding electrons present in the molecular orbitals. The Bond Order of C2 is 2, H2 is 1, and N2 is 3. It is calculated by subtracting the number of anti-bonding electrons from the number of bonding electrons and then dividing the result by 2.
Bond Order = (Number of bonding electrons – Number of anti-bonding electrons) / 2
Bond order is a measure of bond strength and stability. A higher bond order generally indicates a shorter bond length and a stronger bond. Conversely, a lower bond order corresponds to a longer bond length and a weaker bond.
Table of content
Bond Order
Bond order, or the number of chemical bonds between a pair of atoms, is a measure of a bond’s stability. Understanding the idea of the bond order of a chemical bond is made simple by the molecular orbital. It measures how strongly the atoms are bound together by covalent bonds.
Calculate Bond Order of C2, H2, and N2
Solution:
Bond Order of C2
The molecular orbital diagram for C2 can be represented as follows:
σ(1s)2 σ*(1s)2 σ(2s)2 σ*(2s)2 π(2px)2 π(2py)2
There are a total of 8 bonding and 4 anti-bonding electrons.
Bond Order = (Number of bonding electrons – Number of anti-bonding electrons) / 2
Bond Order = (8-4) / 2 = 4/2 = 2
Therefore, the bond order of C2 is 2, indicating a double bond between the carbon atoms.
Bond Order of H2
The molecular orbital diagram for H2 is quite simple as there are only two electrons available:
σ(1s)2
In this case, there are 2 bonding electrons (σ(1s)2) and no anti-bonding electrons.
Bond Order = (Number of bonding electrons – Number of anti-bonding electrons) / 2
Bond Order = (2 – 0) / 2 = 2/2 = 1
Therefore, the bond order of H2 is 1, indicating a single bond between the hydrogen atoms.
Bond Order of N2
The molecular orbital diagram for N2 can be represented as follows:
σ(1s)2 σ*(1s)2 σ(2s)2 σ*(2s)2 π(2px)2 π(2py)2 σ(2pz)2
There are a total of 14 valence electrons available for bonding. Counting the electrons, we find that there are 10 bonding electrons and 4 anti-bonding electrons.
Bond Order = (Number of bonding electrons – Number of anti-bonding electrons) / 2
Bond Order = (10 – 4) / 2 = 6 / 2 = 3
Therefore, the bond order of N2 is 3, indicating a triple bond between the nitrogen atoms.
Summary:
Define Bond Order. Calculate the Bond Order of C2, H2, and N2.
Bond order is a measure of the number of chemical bonds between two atoms in a molecule. It provides information about the strength and stability of a bond. The Bond Order of C2 is 2, H2 is 1, and N2 is 3.
Related Questions
- How would you Balance: H2+O2→H2O.
- Which of the following carbocation is most stable? A. (CH3)3C.C+H2 B. (CH3)3C+C. CH3CH2C+H2 D. CH3C+HCH2CH3
- Balance the equation BaCl2 + H2SO4 →BaSO4 + HCl.
- What is the Bond Order of CO Molecule?
- In a single throw of two dice, the probability of getting a sum of 9 is 1/9.
- Write the balanced equation for the following chemical reaction. Hydrogen + Chlorine → Hydrogen chloride.
- Convert the following temperatures to the Kelvin scale. (a) 25°C (b) 373°C.
