Answer: A. axial loading
A column is defined as a structural member subjected to axial loading.
Solution
Columns are the vertical load-bearing members supporting axial compressive loads, which is used to transmit the load of the structure to the foundation or base.
Tensile forces may be produced due to the bending action in the column over a part of cross-section. Hence, a column is defined as a structural member subjected to axial loading.
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