World Climate Types: Hot Wet Equatorial climate;Tropical Monsoon Climate

World climatic types:

The world is divided into different climatic zones depending upon its characteristics, vegetation, flora, fauna and economic activity. Those are as given in the diagram-

 

 

 

 

 

Climatic Type: Hot wet equatorial climate

Climate (Temperature & Precipitation):

• Uniformity of temperature throughout the year.
• Both diurnal and annual range of temperature is small.
• Heavy rainfall (60-100 inches) well distributed throughout the year with double rainfall peaks
• The highest rainfall occurs at the time of equinoxes and least rainfall at the time of summer and winter solstice

 

Distribution:

• Between 5-10 degrees north and south of the equator

 

Vegetation & Wildlife:

• Tropical rainforest type vegetation
• ‘Selvas’- Dense rainforest with the dense canopy
• Evergreen trees e.g. ebony, mahogany, greenheart, cabinet woods and dyewoods.

Major Tribes:

• Indian tribes of Amazon basin
• Pygmies of Congo basin
• Orang Asli of Malaysia

 

Climatic Type: The Tropical Monsoon Climate

Climate (Temperature & Precipitation):

• The mean temperature of a month is above 18 degrees Celsius.
• Summer: 30-45 degrees Celsius, Winter: 15-30 degrees Celsius.
• Annual mean rainfall- 200-250 cm
• On-shore wet monsoons in the summer and off-shore dry monsoons in the winter.
• Presence of distinct seasons- Cool and dry season (October- February), Hot and dry season (March to mid-June), Rainy season (mid-June to September).

Distribution:

• 5 to 30 degrees north and south of the equator.
• Tropical Monsoon climate experienced in Indian sub-continent, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, parts of Vietnam, south China and northern Australia.