Environmental Studies MCQs

Environmental Studies MCQs with Answers

1. Which layer of the atmosphere contains the ozone layer necessary for UV (ultraviolet) light absorption?

1. Stratosphere
2. Troposphere
3. Mesosphere
4. None of these

Answer: A. Stratosphere

Explanation: A part of the earth’s atmosphere is called the stratosphere. UV light in the stratosphere is absorbed by the ozone present.

2. What is the largest source of the world’s commercial energy consumption?

1. Coal
2. Oil
3. Natural gas
4. Nuclear

Answer: B. Oil

Explanation: Around the beginning of the twentieth century, coal dominated energy consumption. However, oil is now the main source of commercial energy consumption. It makes up about 39%.

3. How many biodiversity hotspots are there?

1. 28
2. 18
3. 32
4. 36

Answer: D. 36

Explanation: Currently, 36 biodiversity hotspots are known in the world. A region must satisfy two strict requirements in order to be considered a biodiversity hotspot: contain at least 1,500 vascular plant species that are unique to Earth and have lost the majority of their native vegetation by at least 70%.

4. The objective of Environmental studies is?

1. Raising awareness of environmental issues
2. To promote ecologically responsible conduct
3. Establish a society that values environmental ethics.
4. All of the above

Answer: D. All of the above

Explanation: The following are the goals of environmental studies: Raising awareness of environmental issues, promoting ecologically responsible conduct, and establishing a society that values environmental ethics.

5. Which two forms of alcohol are included in biofuels?

1. Methanol and Ethanol
2. Propanol and Ethanol
3. Propanol and Methanol
4. None of these

Answer: A. Methanol and Ethanol

Explanation: Both methanol and ethanol can be produced using biomass, fossil fuels, or perhaps the simplest combination of carbon dioxide and water.

6. Which of the following non-metallic minerals are essential?

1. Marble, limestone, and granite
2. Platinum, silver, and gold
3. Coal, clay, cement, silica
4. Iron, aluminium, zinc, and copper

Answer: C. Coal, clay, cement, silica

Explanation: Non-metallic minerals are important to many industries despite lacking metallic qualities including high thermic and electric conductivity, lustre, rigidity, and malleability.

7. Which of the following natural disasters occurs frequently?

1. Floods
2. Earthquake
3. Drought
4. Tsunami

Answer: A. Floods

Explanation: Floods are the most common sort of natural disaster, which happen when an excess of water submerges normally dry ground.

8. The atmosphere consists of 79% Nitrogen and 21% Oxygen by?

1. Weight
2. Volume
3. Density
4. All of these

Answer: B. Volume

Explanation: 21 per cent oxygen and 79 per cent nitrogen make up the atmosphere’s volume, whereas 23.2 per cent oxygen and 76.8 per cent nitrogen make up its weight.

9. What type of human activity can lower the atmospheric oxygen content?

1. Deforestation
2. Hunting
3. Mining
4. None of the above

Answer: A. Deforestation

Explanation: Deforestation is the practice of cutting down trees for economic gain. The loss of trees and plants has a negative impact on oxygen levels. Deforestation thereby lowers the atmospheric oxygen concentration.

10. What is Sustainable Development?

1. Balancing current requirements with those of the future.
2. The advancement of humankind.
3. A balance between human wants and the planet’s capacity to supply resources.
4. All the above.

Answer: C. Balance between human wants and the planet’s capacity to supply resources.

Explanation: Sustainable development means maintaining the balance between human wants and the planet’s capacity to supply resources.

11. Which of these sacred groves serves as a gene repository for a variety of wild plants?

1. Mauhak
2. Deorais
3. Jahera
4. None of these

swer: B. Deorais

Explanation: Deorais is a sacred grove that serves as a gene repository for a variety of wild plants.

12. Name the gas that is vital in maintaining atmospheric temperature.

1. Oxygen
2. Carbon Dioxide
3. Nitrogen
4. None of the above

Answer: B. Carbon Dioxide

Explanation: The vital greenhouse gas, carbon dioxide helps to keep heat in the atmosphere by trapping it there. It keeps the atmosphere stable.

13. Who invented the term ecosystem?

1. Odum
2. Clements
3. Arthur G. Tansley
4. None of these

Answer: C. Arthur G. Tansley

Explanation: In 1935, Arthur G. Tansley became the first person to come across the word ecosystem. An ecosystem is described as a biological community made up of species and the particular physical environment they inhabit, both of which have a tendency to interact with one another.

14. Name the powerplant that works on the basis of the gravity of earth?

1. Windfarms
2. Geothermal
3. Nuclear Power
4. Hydropower

Answer: D. Hydropower

Explanation: Hydropower plants are used to produce electricity by building dams across streams. At the narrow mouth of the dam, a turbine is situated; when water falls on the turbine due to gravity, the turbine drives the motors.

15. What biomass energy source has the highest potential in the world?

1. Industrial waste
2. Fibrous waste of the paper industry
3. Fibrous waste of the sugar industry
4. Animal Waste

Answer: C. Fibrous waste of the sugar industry

Explanation: After the juice from the sugar cane is removed, fibrous waste is a by-product that is created. It also is known by the name of bagasse.

16. Why is radiation dangerous?

1. Radiations lead to skin cancer
2. Radiations cause anemia
3. Radiations change body tissues
4. Radiations are not stable

Answer: A. Radiations lead to skin cancer

Explanation: Radiation is the term used to describe when a radioactive substance emits particles that have a propensity to enter a human body and cause harm.

17. When is World Environment Day celebrated?

1. 5 June
2. 21 May
3. 14 November
4. 27 May

Answer: A. 5 June

Explanation: World Environment Day is celebrated on 5 June. It is celebrated to spread awareness for protecting the environment.

18. All species on earth with each other along with their respective environments collectively constitute :

1. Biosphere
2. Atmosphere
3. Hydrosphere
4. Lithosphere

Answer: A. Biosphere

Explanation: The term iosphere refers to a community of microbes, plants, and animals that interact with one another and with their particular environment. Therefore, the biosphere is made up of all species on earth along with one another and their unique surroundings.

19. What is the other name of detrivores?

1. Herbivores
2. Carnivores
3. Decomposers
4. None of the above

Answer: C. Decomposers

Explanation: Decomposers include a variety of tiny creatures, including bacteria, worms, and others. It reduces the decayed biological matter to simpler, more basic elements.

20. What causes soil pollution?

1. Ozone
2. Aerosol
3. Acid Rain
4. None of these

Answer: C. Acid Rain

Explanation: The presence of xenobiotics (human-made) chemicals or other alterations in the natural environment of the soul contribute to soil pollution.

21. Minamata disease is related to which of the following?

1. Hg pollution
2. Cd pollution
3. SO₂ pollution
4. None of these

Answer: A. Hg pollution

Explanation: Minamata disease is a neurological syndrome caused by severe mercury poisoning.

22. Which of these years saw the amendment of the Forest Conservation Act?

1. 1978
2. 1988
3. 1963
4. 1952

Answer: B. 1988

Explanation: The Forest Conservation Act amended in 1988 is an Act of the Indian Parliament to address topics related to, ancillary to, or incidental to the conservation of forests. 

23. What kind of action tends to make the water table lower?

1. Overgrazing
2. Increase in human population
3. Soil erosion
4. Over-extraction of groundwater

Answer: D. Over-extraction of groundwater

Explanation: The practice of taking large volumes of water out of the earth through tube wells is known as the over-extraction of groundwater. The water table may drop as a result of this. Additionally, a dry environment could be produced as a result of this. The area between the soil’s surface and the rock sediments are referred to as the water table.

24. Which of the following statements regarding how human activity affects the ecology is false?

1. Depletion of groundwater
2. Extinction of species
3. Decrease in forest area
4. None of the above

Answer: D. None of the above

Explanation: Human activity disturbs the ecosystem, which has a number of negative effects like species extinction, groundwater depletion, a reduction in forest area, and many more. Human activity disturbs the ecosystem, which has a number of negative effects like species extinction, groundwater depletion, a reduction in forest area, and many more.

25. What is the reason behind the blue color of the sky?

1. Water vapor is present.
2. The sunlight gets scattered due to the air molecules.
3. The blue light gets absorbed by the air.
4. The blue light is emitted through the atmosphere.

Answer: B. The sunlight gets scattered due to the air molecules.

Explanation: Typically, a clear sky is blue in color. The primary justification for this theory is that air molecules tend to scatter blue light rather than red light.

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