What are 11th and 12th Schedules?
By BYJU'S Exam Prep
Updated on: November 9th, 2023
11th and 12th Schedules: The 11th Schedule outlines the provisions pertaining to Panchayats’ powers, authority, and responsibilities. The 12th Schedule contains provisions defining Municipalities’ powers, authority, and responsibilities. The 73rd Amendment Act of 1992 added the 11th schedule, which covered a total of 29 issues. The 74th Amendment Act of 1992 added a 12th schedule with a total of 18 matters.
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11th and 12th Schedules of the Indian Constitution
The Panchayats and their functions and powers are addressed in the Constitution’s 11th Schedule. The schedule outlines 29 issues over which the Panchayats have authority. These issues include:
| 11th Schedule Matters | |
| Agriculture, including agricultural extension | Land improvement, implementation of land reforms, land consolidation, and soil conservation |
| Minor irrigation, water management, and watershed development | Animal husbandry, dairying, and poultry |
| Fisheries | Social forestry and farm forestry |
| Minor forest produces | Small-scale industries, including food processing industries |
| Rural Housing | Khadi, village, and cottage industries |
| Drinking water | Fuel and fodder |
| Roads, culverts, bridges, ferries, waterways, and other means of communication | Rural electrification, including the distribution of electricity |
| Non-conventional energy sources | Poverty alleviation program |
| Education, including primary and secondary schools | Technical training and vocational education |
| Adult and non-formal education | Libraries |
| Cultural activities | Markets and fairs |
| Health and sanitation, including hospitals and dispensaries | Family welfare |
| Women and child development | Social welfare, including the welfare of the handicapped and mentally retarded |
| Maintenance of community assets | Public distribution system |
| The welfare of the weaker sections, particularly of the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes | |
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12th Schedules of the Indian Constitution
The functions and powers of municipalities are addressed in the Constitution’s 12th Schedule. This schedule addresses 18 issues that fall under the purview of municipalities. These are the areas in which they have authority. These are some examples:
| 12th Schedule Matters | |
| Urban planning | Regulation of land use and construction of buildings |
| Planning for economic and social development | Roads and bridges |
| Water supply for domestic, industrial, and commercial purposes | Public health, sanitation conservancy, and solid waste management |
| Fire services | Urban forestry, protection of the environment, and promotion of ecological aspects |
| Safeguarding the interests of weaker sections of society, including the handicapped and mentally retarded | Slum improvement and upgradation |
| Urban poverty alleviation | Provision of urban amenities and facilities |
| Promotion of cultural, educational, and aesthetic aspects | Burials and burial grounds cremations, cremation grounds, and electric crematoriums |
| Cattle pounds prevention of cruelty to animals | Vital statistics include registration of births and deaths |
| Public amenities like street lighting, bus stops, parking lots, etc. | Regulation of slaughterhouses and tanneries |
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