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When was PIL introduced in India?

By BYJU'S Exam Prep

Updated on: November 9th, 2023

PIL was introduced in India in the 1980s. Judicial activism of the Supreme Court in India gave rise to Public Interest Litigation. Public interest litigation was invented by Justice V.R. Krishna Iyer and P.N. Bhagwati. Public interest litigation began in India in the late 1970s and reached its peak in the 1980s. Justice V.R. Krishna Iyer and P.N. Bhagwati have expanded the public interest litigation field.

PIL in India

Public interest litigation in India is a legal action that is brought in court to protect the “public interest”. A public interest suit can be filed in the court to address any issue threatening the interests of the general public such as pollution, terrorism, road safety, construction hazards, etc.

  • An aggrieved party does not file a Public Interest Litigation (PIL) in the court; Rather, a private party or the court itself does it.
  • Public interest litigation has evolved into a powerful instrument for upholding the legal obligations of the executive and legislative branches.
  • Ensuring universal justice and advancing public welfare are the main goals of PILs. Instead of protecting individual interests, which are covered by fundamental rights, it is usually employed to protect group interests.

Public Interest Litigation (PIL)

Public interest litigation is a view received from the Judicial Review Authority. The locus stands principle, which states that only a person or party whose rights have been violated can file a petition, has been weakened by the concept of PIL.

  • Public interest litigations can be filed in the High Courts and the Supreme Court of India.
  • It has been used most frequently and optimally to assess the validity of a decision, action, or inaction by a public body to challenge the decisions of public authorities through judicial review.
  • Public interest litigations have been important to the political system of India. It is blamed for some important decisions in India, including banning instant triple talaq, opening Sabarimala and Haji Ali temples for women, legalizing consensual homosexual relationships, legalization of passive euthanasia, and others.

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