What are the Traditional Methods of Water Conservation?

Traditional Methods of Water Conservation

In addition to the quantity and quality of surface and groundwater in India being severely impacted by expanding urbanization and water pollution, a changing climate is causing lakes and rivers to dry up. The delicate agricultural system of the nation is still largely dependent on rainfall, and a poor monsoon season can completely wreck the economy.

• When discussing irrigation, Chanakya’s Arthashastra refers to water catchment systems.
• In Sringaverapura, close to Allahabad, a sophisticated water harvesting system was in place that made use of the land’s inherent slope to store floodwaters from the Ganges River.
• The Grand Anicut or Kallanai was built across the Cauvery River by the King of the Chola Karikala to reroute water for irrigation while King Bhoja of Bhopal built the largest artificial lake in India (it is still in use today).

State Wise Traditional Methods of Water Conservation

In traditional rainwater harvesting methods, water is stored and also used to recharge groundwater.

Rajasthan:

• Tanks, Khadins, Nadi.
• Bawari is unique step-wells that were once part of an ancient network of water supplies in the cities of Rajasthan.

Maharashtra:

• Banderas and Tails.
• The water-retention features in the Maharashtra town of Ramtek inspired the name of the Ramtek model.

Karnataka:

• Katta’s

Himachal Pradesh:

• Kuhls.
• The Bamboo Drip Irrigation System is an ingenious system of efficient water management practiced in Northeast India for over two centuries.
• Canals bring glacial waters from rivers and streams to the fields.

Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh:

• Bundhis

Kerala:

• Surangams

Summary:

What are the Traditional Methods of Water Conservation?

The bamboo drip irrigation system, used for more than 200 years in Northeast India, is a traditional method of water conservation and an efficient water management technique. In Sringaverapura, close to Allahabad, a sophisticated water harvesting system was in place that made use of the land’s inherent slope to store floodwaters from the Ganges River.

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