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What are the Main Causes of Urbanisation?

By BYJU'S Exam Prep

Updated on: November 9th, 2023

The Main Causes of Urbanisation are industrialization, commercialization, rural-urban change, change in the way of living, employment opportunities, social benefits, etc. Urbanization is a process where the population shifts from rural to urban areas due to various factors. Due to this, the number of people living in urban areas increases rapidly.

Main Causes of Urbanisation

Among all other reasons, a major reason for urbanization is that towns and cities have achieved a better political, economic, and social environment than rural areas. We have mentioned the causes of Urbanisation with a brief explanation below.

  • Industrialization: Due to the industrial revolution many people migrated from rural areas to urban areas for better employment opportunities. Industrialization makes it easier for people to get employment opportunities and work in modern sectors which also supports economic development.
  • Commercialization: Urban areas provide better business opportunities as compared to rural areas. The distribution of goods and services in the modern era has inspired modern marketing institutions.
  • Social benefits and services: Urban areas provide many social benefits like better education, better sanitation, better standard of living, and health care which lead to better social life in general. Rural areas lack social benefits and services, so people are migrating to urban areas.
  • Better Employment Opportunities: As we have mentioned above, there are ample employment opportunities in urban areas. People want better livelihoods, which is why they often move to urban areas. There are countless employment opportunities in urban areas in sectors such as education, transport, health, industry, sports, and business enterprises.
  • Modernization: It is an important factor in the process of modernization. Urban areas are becoming more tech-savvy with highly sophisticated medical facilities, communication, knowledge, infrastructure, and other social amenities. Many people think that they can live a better life in cities. Moreover, people adopt changes in their living modes like dressing, food, habits, etc. So the number is increasing with every passing day in urban areas.
  • Rural-Urban Change: Rural areas adopt the urban culture and eventually become urban areas, and this is called rural-urban transformation. This can see better employment opportunities, infrastructure, education, and transport in rural areas. This leads to increased productivity and economic growth.

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