Statutory, Regulatory and Various Quasi-Judicial Bodies
By BYJU'S Exam Prep
Updated on: November 14th, 2023
Statutory, Regulatory, and Quasi-Judicial Bodies are various types of authorities in India. Some are mentioned in the Indian Constitution, and some are not, but the purpose of all these is to maintain the smooth functioning of the nation.
Statutory, Regulatory, and various Quasi-Judicial Bodies and other essential bodies and terms are elaborated here for the candidates preparing for exams conducted by UPSC. Here, we will discuss all major governing bodies and their functions.
Table of content
Constitutional Bodies
Indian constitution carries all the essential details required for the proper functioning of a great democratic nation. The constitution mentions these bodies for maintaining the regulation and functioning of the particular task assigned to them. Various constitutional bodies are ECI, AGI, UPSC, CAG, FCI, etc.
Statutory Regulatory and Various Quasi-Judicial Bodies PDF
Constitutional bodies and their powers are specifically mentioned in the constitution of India. These bodies and their functioning can only be changed or destroyed if changes are made in the constitution of India. Individual articles are written for these bodies.
A list of all 20 constitutional bodies and articles in which they are mentioned is provided below:
| Constitutional Bodies | Article in Constitution |
| Attorney General of India | 76 |
| State Election Commission | 243-K |
| Union Public Service Commission | 315-323 |
| Comptroller and Auditor General of India | 148 |
| Election Commission of India | 324 |
| Inter-State Council | 263 |
| State Finance Commission | 243-I |
| District Planning Committee | 243ZD |
| Metropolitan Planning Committee | 243ZE |
| Advocate General of State | 165 |
| Finance Commission | 280 |
| Goods and Service Tax Council | 279A |
| State Public Service Commission | 315-323 |
| National Commission for Scheduled Castes | 338 |
| Official Language Commission and Official Language Committee of Parliament | 344 |
| National Commission for Scheduled Tribes | 338A |
| National Commission for Backward Classes | 338B |
| Special Officer for Linguistic Minorities | 350B |
| Backward Classes Commission | 340 |
| Scheduled Area and Scheduled Tribes Commission | 339 |
Non-Constitutional Bodies
Non-constitutional bodies are those regulatory bodies which do not find their honourable mention in the constitution of India but are given power by laws passed in the Indian Parliament. These are also known as Extra-Constitutional bodies.
Non-constitutional bodies can get their power in two ways, i.e., by statute or executive order. The bodies getting their powers by statute are known as the statuary bodies, and those non-constitutional bodies which do not get their powers from statute are called Non-statuary bodies.
Various Non-constitutional bodies are mentioned in the table provided below:
| 1 | Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) |
| 2 | National Investigation Agency |
| 3 | Food Corporation of India (FCI) |
| 4 | Competition Commission of India |
| 5 | Law Commission of India |
| 6 | Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) |
| 7 | Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) |
| 8 | National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) |
| 9 | National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) |
| 10 | Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) |
Statutory Body in India
The statutory bodies in India are those bodies which are formed by passing acts in Parliament and State Legislatures. These bodies are not mentioned in the constitution of India. These bodies are formed to work differently than the departmental executive structure.
The Government of India covers financial and functional prudence in the functioning of these bodies. A list of a few statutory bodies is provided below:
| 1 | National Human Rights Commission |
| 2 | National Green Tribunal |
| 3 | National Commission for Women |
| 4 | National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission |
| 5 | National Commission for Minorities |
| 6 | National Law Commission |
| 7 | Armed Forces Tribunal |
| 8 | National Commission for Backward Classes |
Non-Statutory Bodies in India
Non-Statutory bodies are those bodies which are non-constitutional bodies but are not regulated by the law. These bodies function privately. A few of the functions of these bodies are social care, education, etc. Various Non-statutory bodies are provided below:
| 1 | Reserve Bank of India |
| 2 | Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India |
| 3 | Securities and Exchange Board of India |
Regulatory Bodies
Regulatory bodies are public organizations tasked with exercising independent control over a particular domain of human interaction in a supervisory or regulatory role. Regulatory bodies may be independent of the government. These are designated to enforce the standards and safety.
Legislative acts from regulatory bodies. A list of a few regulatory bodies is provided below:
| 1 | RBI |
| 2 | Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI) |
| 3 | Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) |
| 4 | Pension Fund Regulatory & Development Authority (PFRDA) |
| 5 | National Housing Bank (NHB) |
| 6 | Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) |
| 7 | Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) |
| 8 | Central Board of Film Certification |
| 9 | Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) |
Quasi-Judicial Bodies in India
Quasi-Judicial Bodies are bodies with a partially judicial character. They are also called non-judicial bodies. It has the authority to hold hearings on and investigate disputed claims and alleged violations of statutes and regulations. Quasi-Judicial bodies are different from Statutory bodies, and differences between Quasi-Judicial bodies and Statutory bodies are essential for the UPSC-conducted exams.
They have various authorities, such as deciding the penalties for guilty individuals, can be arbitrators, etc. They can adjudicate on breach of discipline and misconduct of rules. A few of the Quasi-Judicial bodies active in India are:
| 1 | National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission |
| 2 | Banking Ombudsman |
| 3 | Electricity Ombudsman |
| 4 | Income tax Ombudsman |
| 5 | National Human Rights Commission |
| 6 | State Information Commission |
| 7 | State Electricity Regulatory Commission |
| 8 | Insurance Ombudsman |
| 9 | State Sales tax Appellate Tribunal |
| 10 | State Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission |
Statutory, Regulatory, and Various Quasi-Judicial Bodies UPSC
The Statutory, Regulatory, and Various Quasi-Judicial Bodies, and their functioning are essential for the competitive exams conducted by UPSC. Various questions can be seen in the UPSC Previous Year Question Papers based on these topics.
