Location of First International Earth Summit
From June 3 to June 14, 1992, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, hosted the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit, also known as the Rio Summit, Rio Meeting, and Earth Summit (Portuguese: ECO92). Out of the 172 participating governments, 116 dispatched their leaders of state or government. There were about 2,400 representatives of non-governmental organizations (NGOs), in addition to the 17,000 attendees at the concurrent NGO "Global Forum" (also known as Forum Global), who were awarded Consultative Status. A significant summit accomplishment was the conclusion of the Climate Change Convention, which gave rise to the Paris Agreement and the Kyoto Protocol. The summit's primary goals are as follows:
- Summit was organized to speak about the globalization of climate change.
- On indigenous peoples' lands, it was decided "not to carry out any operations that might destroy the environment or be culturally inappropriate."
- A significant accomplishment was the summit's adoption of the Climate Change Convention, which eventually led to the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement.
There were more than 100 countries present, and significant declarations and agreements were reached. The following legally binding agreements have been signed:
- Climate Change Framework Agreement of the UN.
- Biological Diversity Convention of the UN.
Additional non-binding agreements included the following:
- The concepts of sustainable development were summed up in the Rio Declaration.
- The nations are bound to use forests sustainably by the "forest principles," which serve as a guide.
- A comprehensive action plan to be adopted for sustainable growth in the twenty-first century is Agenda 21.
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