Chemical Science Important Questions: Nuclear Chemistry! (Download PDF)

By Renuka Miglani|Updated : November 27th, 2021

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Nuclear Chemistry (Download PDF)

1. The correct order of penetrating power of the following rays is:

ϒ>β>α
β>α> ϒ
α> β> ϒ
β> ϒ> α

2. Identify the pair of isotones from the options given below.

3. Which of the following properties differs in nuclear isomers?

Neutron excess
Neutron
Protons
Nuclear energy states

4. What will be the charge and mass no. of antineutrino particles respectively?

1,0
0,0
1,1
-1,0

5. What will be the binding energy per nucleon (in Mev) for 21H (Atomic mass = 2.0141amu)?

Mass of neutron =1.0076 amu

Mass of proton = 1.0089 amu

Mass of electron =5.45×10^-4 amu

1.15 Mev
1.20 Mev
1.43 Mev
1.12 Mev

6.²¹⁴Bi₈₃undergoes alpha emission and forms A. A further undergoes two consecutive beta emission and forms D. Which of the following is the product of reaction?

7. What will be the product of the reaction: ²²⁵A₁₀₀ (α,2n).

²²⁷M₁₀₂
²²⁹M₁₀₀
²²⁹M₁₀₂
²²⁷M₁₀₀

8. ²³⁷Np₉₃ is a stable isotope, so ²³⁵Np₉₃ is expected to undergo ...........emission.

Βeta
Αlpha
Gamma
Positron

9. The ratio of t_1/2/t_av for a nuclear reaction is:

2
½
1/0.693
0.693

10. The half-life of 237Np93 is 4.5×109 years. What will be the activity of 1 g sample of ²³⁷Np₉₃?

3.91×10^-12 Bq
3.91×10⁹ Bq
1.24×10⁴ Bq
1.24×10⁹ Bq

Solutions

Solution 1: The correct order of penetrating power of the rays is:

ϒ>β>α and this order is experimentally determined.

Solution 2: Isotones are those species that have the same no. of neutrons.

No. of neutrons (n) = A (Mass No.) –Z (At. No.)

In ³₁H, (n) =3-1 =2

³₂He, (n) = 3-2 =1

¹⁵₇N, (n) = 15-7 =8

¹⁴₆C, (n) = 14 -6 =8

¹⁴₇N, (n) =14-7 =7

¹⁵₈O, (n) = 15-8 =7

So, both ¹⁵₇N, ¹⁴₆C contain the same no. of neutrons, hence, they are a pair of isotones.

Solution 3: In nuclear isomers, we have the same no. of protons, same no. of electrons, neutrons and neutron excess is also the same, but energy levels contain different energies. An example is Co -58. This species has a half-life of 17 days.

Solution 4: There are two types of particles that are emitted during the radioactive process, neutrino, and Antineutrino. These are mainly used to balance the nuclear reactions statistics, energy, and spins. The mass and charge of antineutrino is 0 and 0 respectively.

Solution 5: