Study Notes On Information And Communication Technology Part-1 For UGC NET Exam

By Mohit Choudhary|Updated : June 13th, 2022

As the UGC NET Exam is approaching, we will bring you the best articles relevant for Paper-1. Read them thoroughly and make notes from the. Today, we post Part-1 of Study Notes on Information and Communication Technology for the UGC NET Exam 2022.

 

National Supercomputing Mission

  • Launched in 2014
  • It aims to empower national academic and R&D institutions by installing a vast supercomputing grid comprising of more than 70 high-performance computing facilities.
  • The mission is jointly implemented by the Ministry of Electronics and IT and Department of Science and Technology along with C-DAC and IISc as executing agencies.
  • Under this mission, Param Shivay- first Supercomputer is installed in IIT (BHU).

What are supercomputers?

  • It is a computer with a high level of performances compared to a general-purpose computer.
  • Performance is measured in FLOPS (floating-point operations per second).
  • Its applications areas are Climate Modelling, Computational Biology, Atomic Energy Simulations, national Securing, Disaster management, Big Data analytics etc.

Top-500 Project

  • It ranks the 500 most powerful non-distributed computers in the world.
  • It was started in 1993.
  • China is at the top with 229 supercomputers and USA is at second with 121 supercomputers.
  • In the Top-500 list, India has 4 supercomputers with Pratyush and Mihir being the fastest supercomputers in India.

Difference between LTE and VOLTE

  • LTE stands for 'Long Term Evolution'.
  • LTE is also called 4G.
  • In this, the internet runs at 4G speed on your smartphone.
  • But, the internet and calling don't work at the same time.
  • This issue was resolved by VOLTE.
  • Airtel launched the first LTE network service in India in 2012.
  • VoLTE stands for 'Voice over Long Term Evolution
  • It supports Calling and Internet Connectivity together.
  • It was launched by JIO in India in 2016.

Wifi

  • The term wifi stands for wireless fidelity.
  • It uses radio transmission technology.
  • It allows high speed and secure communication between a wide variety of digital services, access points and hardware.
  • They transmit at a frequency of 2.4 GHz or 5 GHz.

Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID)

  • In this, radio waves are used to capture and read information stored on a tag attached to an object.  
  • A tag can be read from up to several feet away and does not need to be within direct line-of-sight of the reader to be tracked.
  • Most recent use is in FASTag for ease of payment at toll both.

Ransomware

  • It infects computers in a network and encrypts files on these computers.
  • Then the hackers demand ransom to recover these files.
  • Recently, IT service provider Cognizant had faced Maze Ransomware attack.
  • In 2019, Kaspersky security, a global cybersecurity firm, identified three prominent ransomware- Ryuk, Purga and Stop.

Pegasus

  • It is a mobile spyware developed by Israeli cyber firm.
  • Once invaded on Android and iOS platforms, it could have complete access to the data on the victim’s phone.

Cryptocurrency

  • It is a type of digital currency that uses cryptography for security.
  • The control of each cryptocurrency works through distributed ledger technology called a blockchain.
  • It is not issued by the government in India.
  • China is testing its digital currency “Digital Currency Electronic Payment, DC/EP”.
  • RBI banned cryptocurrency in India, but a recent supreme court judgement removed the ban.
  • Examples of cryptocurrency- Bitcoin, Ethereum, Ripple etc.

We hope you all understood important terms related to Information and Communication Technology for UGC NET Exam 2022.

Thank you,

Team BYJU'S Exam Prep.

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