Study Notes on Government Schemes on Environment Part-1 for UGC NET Exam 2022

Green Credit scheme

This scheme allows trading of “forests” as a commodity.
Private agencies, village forest communities or any other non-government agencies can grow a forest.
If the newly planted forest met the forest department criteria after three years, they would be eligible to be considered as Forest.
If any industry needs forest land, then they can approach the agency and pay it for the parcel.
Such forest would be then be transferred to the forest department and will be recorded as forest land.

Namami Gange Programme

Main Pillars of the Namami Gange Programme are:

Jal Jeevan Mission

This Mission was launched in August 2019.
Its aim is to provide piped drinking water supply (Har Ghar Jal) to all rural households by 2024.

‘Green wall’ of India

The Centre is planning an ambitious plan to create a green wall on NorthWestern part of India.
This wall will be a 1,400km long and 5km wide green belt from Gujarat to the Delhi Haryana border.
It will be similar to “Great Green Wall” running through the width of Africa, from Dakar
(Senegal) to Djibouti.
The aim of green wall is to combat desertification or eastern march of thar desert and climate change.

India’s Cooling Action Plan (ICAP)

India is the first country in world to develop such kind of plan.
Its aim is to reduce cooling demand by 20% to 25% across all sector by year 2037-38.
Further, to reduce refrigerant demand by 25% to 30% by year 2037-38.
Further, to reduce cooling energy requirements by 25% to 40% by year 2037-38.

Forest-PLUS 2.0

It's a five year programme undertaken by US Agency for International Development (USAID) and India’s Ministry of Environment,
Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC).
It’s was launched in December 2018.
It focuses on developing tools and techniques to bolster ecosystem management and harnessing ecosystem services in forest landscape management.
Pilot project was launched in three landscapes — Gaya in Bihar(forest deficit area), Thiruvananthapuram in Kerala (rich in biodiversity) and Medak in Telangana (relatively drier area).

REDD+

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) had devloped this mechanism.
It creates a financial value for the carbon stored in forests by offering incentives for developing countries to reduce emissions from forested lands and invest in low carbon paths to sustainable development.
Developing countries would receive results-based payments for results-based actions.
REDD+ goes beyond simply deforestation and forest degradation and includes the role of sustainable management and conservation of forests.

Compensatory Afforestation Fund and Compensatory Afforestation Fund Management and Planning Authority (CAMPA)

CAMPA was established to compensate the loss of forest area and to maintain the sustainability.
It established National Compensatory Afforestation Fund under and a State Compensatory Afforestation Fund in each state.
10% of the fund will go the National Fund and the rest 90 % will go to State Fund.
A company whch wants to divert forest land must provide alternative land to take up compensatory afforestation. Therafter, the company have to pay to plant new trees in the alternative land.
The act also seeks to establish National and State Compensatory Afforestation Fund Management and Planning Authorities to manage the funds.

Environment Impact Assessment

It is statutorily backed by the Environment Protection Act of 1986.
EIA objective is to: Identify the environmental, social and economic impacts of a project prior to taking a decision on its implementation.
It aims to mitigate the harmful impacts and maximizes the beneficial effect

We hope you all understood the Government Schemes on Environment for the upcoming UGC NET Exam.

Thank you,

Team BYJU'S Exam Prep!.

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