Study Notes For General Aptitude (Part A): Arithmetical Reasoning (Download PDF)

By Astha Singh|Updated : March 16th, 2022

The upcoming CSIR NET 2022 exam is not so far away and it is the right time for the candidates to roll their sleeves devote all their time to prepare themselves for it. While preparing for the examination, it is very important to revise the concepts and topics that they have covered so far. They must also practice as many mocks as they can to ensure the time and speed they take to complete the questions. The candidates should focus on practising the questions that have been repeated often in previous year's question papers. Arithmetical Reasoning (Mathematical Operators) is one such topic that can help you score well within the time limitation of the important and most scoring topics of the General Aptitude (Part A) through which one can score full marks in this section.

Time management, proper exam strategies, and being updated on the news regarding the exam can be the key to success for the student. The study notes can be the best way to revise the topics simply in no time. We at BYJU'S EXAM PREP Prep have formulated study notes for Arithmetical Reasoning (Mathematical Operators) under the General Aptitude to help their CSIR NET 2022 preparations easily.

We've come up with the study notes on Arithmetical Reasoning (Mathematical Operators) for the upcoming exam CSIR-NET 2022. Scroll down the article below and learn this concept to crack the exam.

Study Notes On Arithmetical Reasoning (Mathematical Operators)

Arithmetic reasoning involves basic mathematical and arithmetic problems.

So basically, Arithmetic reasoning primarily deals with converting the word problem and transforming it into equations to reach a solution. What is required of us is to have a look at the problem, check which concept of math is to be applied and then arrive at the answer, which is correct. Use our reasoning skills to analyse the information that can be useful and rule out the redundant data.

Arithmetic reasoning questions are asked from several areas such as Ages, Profit & Loss, Ratio & proportion, Time and Work, Percentages, data-based etc.

NOTE: Basic Arithmetic formulae are applied in this section to get the required answer.


Mathematical Operations: This section deals with questions on basic mathematical operations. Which includes — addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Also, statements such as ‘less than or 'greater than, 'equal to' or 'not equal to’, etc. are represented by symbols. The questions involving these operations are set using artificial symbols. Hence, to get the correct answer, one must substitute the right symbols and solve the question accordingly.

NOTE: While solving a mathematical expression, proceed according to the rule BODMAS — i.e., Brackets, Of, Division, Multiplication, Addition, Subtraction.

TYPE 1: Problems based on substitution:Question: If 'A' stands for 'subtraction', 'B' stands for 'multiplication', 'C' stands for 'addition', and 'D' stands for 'division', then what is the value of the following expression? 27 A 8 B 5 C (11 C 3) B 5 C 36 D 6 

Solution: Given that: 'A' stands for 'subtraction', 'B' stands for 'multiplication', 'C' stands for 'addition', and 'D' stands for 'division'So, 27 A 8 B 5 C (11 C 3) B 5 C 36 D 6=27 - 8 x 5 + (11 + 3) x 5 + 36 ÷ 6

Now solve the expression27 - 8 x 5 + (11 + 3) x 5 + 36 ÷ 6 by using BODMAS rule.27 - 8 x 5 + (11 + 3) x 5 + 36 ÷ 6=27 - 40 + 14x 5 +6=27 - 40 + 70 + 6=33+30=63

Question: If ‘<’ means ‘minus’, ‘>’ means ‘plus’, ‘=’ means ‘multiplied by’ and ‘$’ means ‘divided by’, then what would be the value of63 > 21 $ 3 = 7?

Solution: 63 > 21 $ 3 = 7After putting the signs 63 + 21 ÷ 3 × 763 + 7 × 763 + 49 =112.

TYPE 2: Problem-based on the interchange of signs and numbers:

Question: Which two signs should be interchanged to make the given equation correct? 225 + 5 × 3 ÷ 5 – 7 = 133A. + and ÷B. - and ×C. + and ×D. - and ÷

Solution: Given expression is- 225 + 5 × 3 ÷ 5 – 7 = 133After interchanging-225 ÷ 5 × 3 + 5 – 7 = 133Apply BODMAS,225 ÷ 5 × 3 + 5 – 7 = 133Or, 45 × 3 -2 = 133Or, 135 –2 = 133Or, 133=133As we got the correct answer, so no need to check more options. Hence, option (a) is the correct answer.

Based on Equation balancing:
Question: Select the correct combination of mathematical signs to sequentially replace the * signs, to balance the following equation.
(14 * 9 * 6) * 15 * 8
A. ×, =, ÷, -
B. ×, -, ÷, =
C. -, ÷, ×, =
D. ÷, -, =, ×

Solution: On checking option (a)
(14 * 9 * 6) * 15 * 8
After putting signs
(14 X 9 = 6) ÷ 15 – 8 (incorrect)
On checking option B

(14 * 9 * 6) * 15 * 8 (14 * 9 * 6) * 15 * 8 After putting signs (14 X 9 - 6) ÷ 15 = 8(126 – 6) ÷ 15 = 8120 ÷ 15 = 88 = 8Signs in option (b) satisfied the above equation, So, no need to check other options.Hence, option (b) is the correct answer.

Question: The two given expressions on both sides of the ‘=’ sign will have the same value if two numbers from either side or both sides are interchanged. Select the correct numbers to be interchanged from the given options.
3 + 5 × 4 – 24 ÷ 3 = 7 × 4 – 3 + 36 ÷ 6
A. 5,7
B. 4,7
C. 6,3
D. 24,36

Solution: Check option (a)-
Given expression is-
3 + 5 × 4 – 24 ÷ 3 = 7 × 4 – 3 + 36 ÷ 6
After interchanging-
3 + 7 × 4 – 24 ÷ 3 = 5 × 4 – 3 + 36 ÷ 6
Apply BODMAS,
3 + 28 – 8 = 20 – 3 + 6
Or, 3 + 28 – 8 = 20 – 3 + 6
Or, 3+20=23

So, 23=23
As we got the correct answer, so no need to check more options. Hence, option (a) is the correct answer.

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