CSIR-NET Chemical Science: Short Notes on Bioinorganic Chemistry

By Neetesh Tiwari|Updated : June 25th, 2021

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Are you looking for some short and reliable notes during your CSIR-NET preparations? Then, you have come to a perfect place!

Candidates preparing for their CSIR NET exam might need to get some short study notes and strategies to apply while preparing for the key exam of their life. At this point, We at BYJU'S Exam Prep come up with short notes on Bioinorganic chemistry, which comes under the Inorganic Chemistry section of the Chemical Science syllabus. Biоinоrgаniс сhemistry is the study оf the struсtures аnd biоlоgiсаl funсtiоns оf inоrgаniс biоlоgiсаl substаnсes, thаt is, thоse nоt соntаining саrbоn, suсh аs metаls.

Our experienced subject-matter experts have meticulously designed this set of short notes on Bioinorganic chemistry to give you the most standard set of study materials to focus on. In this cut-throat competitive world, students need to prepare themselves with the best study materials to help them learn and for their future. Here we are offering the best study notes that are reliable and can be used by the students during their preparations for the upcoming CSIR-NET 2021 exam.

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Bioinorganic chemistry

Introduction

Biological reactions are those reactions that involve metal ions. These metals are considered essential elements. Therefore, the study of bioinorganic chemistry helps to determine the function of metals in the biological system.

There are various factors involved in this chemistry. These are:

It helps to study the naturally occurring inorganic elements.
Determines structure and function of biomolecules.
Determines toxicity of inorganic species.

Role of metal ions in various Biological Processes:

Fe and Cu act as electron carrier.
Fe: Cytochrome; Cu: Blue Copper Protein
Fe and Zn act as a metal storage compound.
Fe: Transferrin, Ferritin; Zn: Metallothionein
Fe and Cu act as oxygen transportation agent.
Fe: Haemoglobin, Myoglobin; Cu: Hemocyanin
Mg is an important part of photosynthesis.
Zn and Mg in hydrolase.
Zn: Carboxypeptidase; Mg: Aminopeptidase
Fe and Mo in oxidoreductase.
Fe: Oxygenase, Hydrogenase; Mo: Nitrogenase
Fe and Co in isomerase.
Fe: Aconitase; Co: B₁₂ Coenzyme

Essential Elements:

These are classified into two categories:

Bulk elements: These are required by living organisms in larger quantities. Ex- H, N, P, S, Mg, Ca, Cl.
Trace elements: These are required by living organisms in minor quantities. Ex- Co, Cr, V, Ni, As, Fe, Cu.

Toxicity of some Elements:

Cr is highly toxic in the +6 oxidation state. It is carcinogenic.
The deficiency of iodine can cause goitre.
The deficiency of Co in soil affects the grazing animals very badly.
Excess of Ca leads to hardening of arteries and cataracts in the eyes.
Excess intake of Na leads to hypertension.
Deficiency of Zn leads to diarrhoea, hair loss, skin rashes.
Cu can accumulate in the liver and kidney that can damage them.
Deficiency of Fe leads to Anaemia.

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