We've come up with the concept of Similarities & Differences for the upcoming exam CSIR-NET 2021. Scroll down the article below and learn this concept to crack the exam.
Concept of Reasoning: Similarities & Differences
The Reasoning section of every competitive exam includes questions from the topic “Symbols & Notation”. Here, we are uploading different types of questions that will surely help you in the upcoming Exams. This topic deals with the questions on the basics of fundamental operations — addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. Sometimes, the questions involving these operations are set using artificial symbols. The candidate has to substitute the real signs and solve the questions accordingly to get the answer.
NOTE: While solving a mathematical expression, proceed according to the rule BODMAS i.e., Brackets, of, Division, Multiplication, Addition, Subtraction.
TYPE 1: Problems Based on Substitution:
Question 1: If 'A' stands for 'subtraction', 'B' stands for 'multiplication', 'C' stands for ‘addition', and 'D' stands for 'division', then what is the value of the following expression?
27 A 8 B 5 C (11 C 3) B 5 C 36 D 6
Solution: Given that:
'A' stands for 'subtraction', 'B' stands for 'multiplication', 'C' stands for 'addition', and 'D’ stands for ‘division’
So, 27 A 8 B 5 C (11 C 3) B 5 C 36 D 6
= 27 – 8 × 5 + (11 + 3) × 5 + 36 ÷ 6
Now solve the expression
27 – 8 × 5 + (11 + 3) × 5 + 36 ÷ 6 by using BODMAS rule.
27 – 8 × 5 + (11 + 3) × 5 + 36 ÷ 6
= 27 – 40 + 14 × 5 + 6
= 27 – 40 + 70 + 6 = 33 + 30 = 63
Question 2: If '<' means 'minus', '>' means 'plus', ‘=’ means 'multiplied by' and '$' means ‘divided by', then what would be the value of
63 > 21 $ 3 = 7?
Solution:
63 > 21 $ 3 = 7
After putting the signs
63 + 21 ÷ 3 × 7
63 + 7 × 7
63 + 49 = 112.
Type 2: Problem Based on Interchange of Signs and Numbers:
Question 1: Which two signs should be interchanged to make the given equation correct?
225 + 5 × 3 ÷ 5 – 7 = 133
- + and ÷
- – and ×
- + and ×
- – and ÷
Solution: Given expression is
225 + 5 × 3 ÷ 5 – 7 = 133
After interchanging
225 ÷ 5 × 3 + 5 – 7 = 133
Apply BODMAS,
225 ÷ 5 × 3 + 5 – 7 = 133
Or, 45 × 3 – 2 = 133
Or, 135 – 2 = 133
Or, 133 = 133
As we got the correct answer, so no need to check more options.
Hence, option (a) is the correct answer.
TYPE 3: Based on Equation Balancing:
Question: Select the correct combination of mathematical signs to sequentially replace the * signs, to balance the following equation.
(14 * 9 * 6) * 15 * 8
- ×, =, ÷, –
- ×, –, ÷, =
- –, ÷, ×, =
- ÷, –, =, ×
Solution:
on checking option (a)
(14 * 9 * 6) * 15 * 8
after putting signs
(14 × 9 = 6) ÷ 15 – 8 (incorrect)
on checking option B
(14 * 9 * 6) * 15 * 8
after putting signs
(14 × 9 – 6) ÷ 15 = 8
(126 – 6) ÷ 15 = 8
120 ÷ 15 = 8
8 = 8
Signs in option (b) satisfied the above equation,
So, no need to check other options.
Hence, option (b) is the correct answer.
Question 1: The two given expressions on both the side of the '=' sign will have the same value if two numbers from either side or both sides are interchanged. select the correct numbers to be interchanged from the given options.
3 + 5 × 4 – 24 ÷ 3 = 7 × 4 – 3 + 36 ÷ 6
- 5, 7
- 4, 7
- 6, 3
- 24, 36
Solution: Check option (a)
Given expression is
3 + 5 × 4 – 24 ÷ 3 = 7 × 4 – 3 + 36 ÷ 6
After interchanging
3 + 7 × 4 – 24 ÷ 3 = 5 × 4 – 3 + 36 ÷ 6
Apply BODMAS,
3 + 28 – 8 = 20 – 3 + 6
Or, 3 + 28 – 8 = 20 – 3 + 6
Or, 3 + 20 = 23
So, 23 = 23
As we got the correct answer, so no need to check more options.
Hence, option (a) is the correct answer.
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