HCS study notes: Important facts about Haryana

HCS study notes: Important facts about Haryana

• The meaning of the word Haryana is the Forest land of Hari. The earliest reference to 'Hariana' occurs in a Sanskrit inscription dated 1328 AD kept in Delhi Museum, which refers to this region as The heaven on earth, indicating that it was fertile and relatively peaceful at that time. 
• Haryana is the 20^th state of India carved out from Punjab in 1966
• Haryana borders 5 states (Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan)
• It surrounds the National Capital from its 3 sides.
• Haryana is home to the largest number of Rural Crorepatis in India.
• Hindi is the official language of the state.
• There is a total of 22 districts in the state and 6 divisions.
• Rohtak is the largest division in terms of its area
• It is the 17^th largest populated state in India with a total population of 2.5421 crores
• The Population Density of the state is 577
• The Sex Ratio of the state in 877 (2011 census), worst among all states in India
• Child Sex Ratio is 950 girl child for every 1000 male children.
• It is the 20^th largest state in India in terms of its area – 44,211 square km.
• The literacy rate of the state is 75.5%. it ranks 15 among all states in terms of education.
• It has the second-highest per capita income in the country and it is one of the wealthier states of India.
• Sirsa district is the largest district in terms of area.
• Smallest district – Panchkula
• Biggest Village – Sisai, Hisar district
• Richest Village – Wazirabad, Gurugram
• Largest Railway station – Rewari Junction
• Biggest Bus Station - Jhajjar
• Faridabad is the largest city in the state.
• The district with the highest population in Faridabad.
• Haryana is the first state in India to achieve 100 % rural electrification.
• Haryana contributes to the maximum export of Basmati rice in India.
• State Bird – Black Francolin
• State Tree – Peepal
• State Flower – Lotus
• State Animal – BlackBuck
• Karoh Peak is the highest peak of the state.
• The only river which flows through this state is Ghaggar.
• The battles from Mahabharat to Panipat were fought in this land.
• Nizampur-Narnaul-Mohindergarh-Dadri-Bhiwani-Hansi-Barwala-Tohana-Munak is the longest state highway in Haryana.
• Damdama Lake is the largest lake in Haryana
• Bhakra Dam is the highest dam in Haryana
• 22nd District- Charkhi Dadri

Important Personality

Freedom Fighters: Sir Chhotu Ram; Dharam Singh Hayatpur; Ganga Singh Gurjar; Ranbir Singh Hooda; Tula Ram;

Sports Personalities: Vijender Singh (Boxing); Kapil Dev (Cricket); Virender Sehwag (Cricket);

Sandeep Singh (Hockey); Savita Punia (Hockey); Sakshi Malik (Wrestling); Yogeshwar Dutt (Wrestling);

Politicians: Bansi Lal (former Chief Minister); Bhupinder Singh Hooda (former CM); Sushma Swaraj (Union Minister of External Affairs), Aravind Kejriwal (Chief Minister of Delhi).

Others: Kalpana Chawla (Astronaut); Nek Chand Saini (Art & Architecture); Shekhar Guera (Editorial Cartoonist); Murari Lal Sharma (writer); Baba Ramdev (Yoga Guru).