Dear aspirants,
Here we are with our eighteenth module of English Master Series. Hope this will surely help you with your English Language preparation. Here in this Module we will study about Preposition.
MODULE-18
PREPOSITION
Prepositions are words which show the relationship between a noun or a pronoun object and some other words in the sentence. They are always followed by nouns or pronouns.
SIMPLE PREPOSITIONS
Simple Prepositions are "short" or "little" words that express relationships including those of space, time, and degree.
Ex: at, by, from, over, till, upon, up, under, with, down
Definitions of some important simple prepositions
1. At (near, close to, with a purpose)
At is a common preposition with two main meanings.
At indicates a position in space.
At indicates a point in time.
‘at a position in space’
At is used for place or location, when we cannot use ON or IN.
Ex: My son is sitting at the table, doing their homework
At is used with expressions of clock time.
Ex: The concert starts at 6.30 on Staturday evening
At with Numbers
Ex: Now a days most people retire at the age of 60
At for towards (a goal of the action)
Ex: Throw a stone at the dog
2. By (Place, Means, After a Passive, and Time)
By as a word indicating place
By (preposition) referring to position means ‘near’ or ‘besite’ or ‘next to’
Ex:
- We drove by your house
- The bus was going by the supermarket as I came out
Way of doing something
By as a preposition indicating means, method
Ex: The thief must have left the building by the back door
3. Of (link of meaning)
Of indicates : belonging or connection
Ex:
- A member of Parliament
- The difficulty of learning English
4. Off
Off indicates : place or movement, separate, conneted, behaviour
Ex:
- They shoveled the snow off the driveway
- She went off her diet again
COMPOUND PREPOSITIONS
which are generally formed by prefixing a Preposition to a Noun, an Adjective or an Adverb.
Ex: above, around, behind, beside, towards, without, within
1. Above (heigher than)
Above indicates : at a higher place, at a higher level, earlier , negative action, expressions.
Ex:
- The children in her class are all above average
- Astronatus work a long way above the surface of the earth
2. Since (time up to now)
Towards indicates : length of time.
Ex: He has been ill since friday night
3. Within (inside the limits)
Within indicates : length of time, less than a distance, not outside a place, possible, not exceeding the limits of something.
Ex:
- I live within three miles of the city centre
- At last, the beach is within sight
PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES
Prepositional phrases are groups of words containing prepositions. Remember that prepositions are words that indicate the relationships between various elements within a sentence, and you’ll never have difficulty identifying prepositional phrases.
A prepositional phrase is a group of words that lacks either a verb or a subject, and that functions as a unified part of speech. It normally consists of a preposition and a noun or a preposition and a pronoun.
Remember the following rules for prepositional phrases and you will find that using them becomes much easier.
- Prepositional phrases always consist of two basic parts at minimum: the object and the preposition.
- In formal English, prepositions are almost always followed by objects.
- Adjectives can be placed between the prepositions and objects in prepositional phrases.
- Prepositional phrases can act as adverbs or adjectives. When they are used as adjectives, they modify nouns and pronouns in the same way single-word adjectives do.
- When prepositional phrases are used as adverbs, they at the same way single-word adverbs and adverb clauses do, modifying adjectives, verbs, and other adverbs.
Examples of Prepositional Phrases
The following sentences contain examples of prepositional phrases; the prepositional phrase in each sentence is italicized for easy identification.
- The cupcake with sprinkles is yours.
- The cupcake with colorful sprinkles is yours.
- We climbed up the hill.
- We climbed up the very steep hill.
List of Prepositional Phrases
- Up the hill
- Around the mulberry bush
- Into the woods
- With chopped nuts
- Near a fast-flowing river
- Within the book’s pages
- Through the tunnel
- In spite of
- Instead of
I hope this module will help you with your English Language preparation. We will come back soon with our next module and after each module there will be an Exercise based on the modules.
Thanks
Team GradeUp
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