- Home/
- CTET & State TET (Earlier - TEACHING)/
- CTET/
- Article
Diseases and Associated Part of Human Body, Science Study Notes, Material
By BYJU'S Exam Prep
Updated on: September 25th, 2023
In this article, we should read related to the Diseases and Associated Part of Human Body, Important for CTET exam.
Table of content
Diseases and Associated Part of the Human Body:
A disease is a state in which, the body or organs of the body show variation. Such changes are called symptoms. Therefore, symptoms indicate the presence of disease.
Acute diseases
Diseases which last for a short period is called acute disease. For example, common cold, fever, eye infections, pain, etc.
Chronic diseases
Diseases that last for a long time are called chronic diseases. For example, Kidney disease, heart disease, respiratory disease, etc. Also, it causes prolonged weakness in the body. For example, if a person suffers from tuberculosis, the person can face weight loss and a long period of weakness providing bad health.
The different means by which infectious diseases spread are:
(a) Through air: They are also called air-borne diseases. The air carries bacteria, virus and the diseases that can be caused are the common cold, influenza, tuberculosis etc.
(b) Through food and water: When one eats/drinks contaminated food/water, that contains bacteria, viruses, worms etc. it can cause diseases like cholera typhoid, and hepatitis.
(c) Through contact: Many diseases are spread by contact of an infected person with a healthy person. For example, fungal infections, skin diseases, scabies etc.
(d) By sexual contact: Many diseases can be transmitted, for example, syphilis, and AIDS.
(e) By body fluids: Fluids like blood, semen, and mother’s milk, when infected,
can also cause diseases. For example AIDS.
(f) Vectors: The organism that spreads disease by carrying pathogens from one place to another is called a vector. For example, mosquitoes are vectors that carry pathogens like protozoa.
Parts of the Body Affected by Diseases
Disease |
Affected Body Part |
Arthritis |
Joints |
Asthma |
Bronchial Muscles |
Cataract |
Eyes |
Diabetes |
Pancreas |
Diphtheria |
Throat |
Eczema |
Skin |
Glaucoma |
Eyes |
Goitre |
Thyroid Gland |
Jaundice |
Liver |
Leukaemia |
Blood |
Malaria |
Spleen |
Meningitis |
Brain and Spinal Cord |
Otitis |
Ears |
Paralysis |
Nerves |
Pneumonia |
Lungs |
Polio |
Legs |
Pyorrhoea |
Teeth and Gums |
Rheumatism |
Joints |
Sinusitis |
Inflammation of sinus linings |
Tonsillitis |
Tonsils |
Trachoma |
Eyes |
Tuberculosis |
Lungs |
Typhoid |
Intestines |
Diseases and Causative Agents
Causative Agent | Disease |
Bacteria | Diphtheria, Gonorrhoea, Meningitis, Cholera, Leprosy, Typhoid, Tetanus, Tuberculosis, Plague, Whooping Cough, Pneumonia |
Virus | Chicken Pox, Small Pox, Measle, Mumps, AIDS, Yellow fever, Influenza, Dengue fever, Rabies, Polio-meritis phelebotomus |
Protozoans | Malaria, Sleeping sickness, Kala-azar, Leishmaniasis, Amoebic dysentery |
Fungus | Athlete’s foot, Ringworms, Madura foot, Dhobi’s itch |
Helminths | Filaria, Tapeworm and Hookworm transmission |
Important Information about Human Body
- Biggest Organ: Liver
- Heart Beat: 72 times in a minute
- Master Gland: Pituitary
- Number of Bone: 206
- Number of Muscles: 640
- Number of chromosomes: 46 or 23 pairs
- Normal Blood Pressure: 80 to 120
- Teeth: 32
- The volume of Blood: About 7 litres in a normal body or about 7% of the total body weight.
- Largest; Part of the Human Brain: Cerebrum
Serial No. | Book Name | Link |
1. | CTET Success Master Maths & Science Paper-II for Class VI-VIII | Check Here |
2. | Ctet Paper 2 Maths & Science Book Set Hindi | Check Here |