Chemical Science Important Formulas - Chemical Bonding| Download the PDF!

By Renuka Miglani|Updated : December 24th, 2021

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While preparing for CSIR NET, candidates study different formulas to solve problems, but at the last moment, these formulas might not be remembered by the candidates due to exam fear or pressure. We at BYJU'S Exam Prep do not want our students to lag anywhere during the preparation, so we have come up with a concept of a Formula Sheet that will help them revise the important formulas at the last moment. This formula sheet will be a short revision tool and contain only important formulas that need to be studied at the last minute to boost the score. Our experienced subject-matter experts have meticulously designed this CSIR NET Chemical Science Formula Sheet to provide you with the best authentic material.

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In this article, we will cover the CSIR NET Most Important Formulas of Chemical Bonding. Aspiring candidates can check all the most important Chemical Science formulas of Chemical Bonding and download the PDF for the last minute revision. Read the full article to know about the benefits of the formula sheet and how to use it effectively.

Most Important Formulas of Chemical Bonding (Download PDF)

Chemical Bond:

It is a force of attraction between atoms that enables the formation of chemical compounds. In other words, a chemical bond is defined as a force that acts between two or more atoms to hold them together as a stable molecule. Three types of bonds are:

(1). Ionic or Electrovalent bond

(2). Covalent bond

(3). Coordinate covalent bond

ELECTRONIC CONFIGURATION OF NOBLE GASES:

Noble gas	At No.	Electrons in principal shells
He	2	2
Ne	10	2, 8
Ar	18	2, 8, 8
Kr	36	2, 8, 18, 8
Xe	54	2, 8, 18, 18, 8
Rn	86	2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 8

Types of overlapping and Nature of Covalent Bond:

(1). Sigma (σ) Bond: It is formed by the end to end overlapping of atomic orbitals along the internuclear axis. It is also known as” head-on-head” or “axial” overlapping. It results when one of the following types of overlapping takes place:

(a). s-s overlapping:

Here, the s- orbital of one atom overlaps with the s-orbital of another atom. An example of this type of overlapping is the formation of hydrogen molecules from two H-atoms.

(b). s-p overlapping:

In this type of overlapping, s- orbital of one atom overlaps with the half-filled p-orbital of the other atom as shown below:

(c). p-p overlapping:

Here, the p-orbital of one atom overlaps with the p-orbital of the other atom on the internuclear axis. It is shown below:

(2). Pi (π) Bond: It is formed when the sidewise overlapping of the half-filled atomic orbitals takes place. This is also known as lateral or sidewise overlap. This type of overlapping takes place perpendicular to the internuclear axis as shown below:

TYPE OF HYBRIDIZATION AND POSSIBLE STRUCTURE:

Type of Hybridization	No. of B.P.	No. of L.P.	Shape	Examples
1. sp-hybridization	2	-	Linear	BeF2, CO2, CS2, BeCl2
2. (a) sp2-hybridization (b) sp2-hybridization	3 2	- 1	Trigonal planar V-shape Angular	BF3, AlCl3, BeF3 NO2–, SO2, O3
3. (a) sp3- hybridization	4	0	Tetrahedral	CH3, CCl4, PCl4+, SO42-, AlCl4–
(b) sp3-hybridization	3	1	Pyramidal	NH3, PF3, ClO3–PCl3, XeO3, N(CH3)3 ,CH3-
(c) sp3-hybridization	2	2	V-shape, Angular	H2O, H2S, NH2–, OF3
4. (a) sp3d-hybridization	5	-	Trigonal bipyramidal	PCl5, SOF4, AsF5
(b) sp3d-hybridization	4	1	See-Saw, folded square distorted tetrahedral	SF4, PF4-, AsF4-, SbF4-, XeO2F2
(c) sp3d-hybridization	3	2	almost T-shape	ClF3, ICI3
(d) sp3d-hybridization	2	3	Linear	I3-, Br3–, ICI2-, CIF2-, XeF2
5. (a) sp3d2-hybridization	6	-	Square bipyramidal/octahedral	PCI6-, SF6
(b) sp3d2-hybridization	5	1	Square pyramidal/distorted octahedral	XeOF4, CIF5, SF5– XeF5+
(c) sp3d2-hybridization	4	2	Square planar	XeF4
6. (a) sp3d3-hybridization	7	-	Pentagonal bipyramidal	IF7
(b) sp3d3-hybridization	6	1	Pentagonal pyramidal/distorted octahedral	XeF6
(c) sp3d3-hybridization	5	2	Pentagonal planar	XeF5–