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G7 UPSC Notes – 48th G7 Summit 2022, Headquarters, Significance and G7 Countries

By BYJU'S Exam Prep

Updated on: November 14th, 2023

The G7 or Group of Seven is an informal conference of the top industrialized nations, as stated by IMF. The G7 was established as an intergovernmental organization in 1975. The group meets once a year to talk about topics like international security, energy policy, and global economic governance. The G7 countries are the UK, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, and the US.

The secretariat and offices of the G7 are not permanent, the presidency rotates every year. The 48th G7 Summit 2022 was held under the presidency of Germany. Go through all the details about G7 including the latest G7 Summit, Member Countries, and more for the upcoming UPSC Exam.

G7 – Group of Seven

The G7 forum is an open discussion platform that allows the leaders to have a detailed discussion over topics that range from the issues like global economic governance, energy policies, and international security. The G7 Summits are held annually and topics related to economic governance, energy, and international security policies are discussed in these meetings. However, it should be noted that the G7 does not have any written constitution but, has legally binding annual summits.

The 47th G7 Summit was held in the United Kingdom. Germany presided over the G7 Summit in 2022, while Japan will host the 49th G7 Summit in 2023.

Since 1981, the European Union (EU) has actively participated in the G7 as a “non-enumerated” member. It is represented by the presidents of the European Council, which includes the European Commission, the EU member states’ leaders, and the EU’s executive body.

G7 UPSC Notes

History of G7

This concept of organizing a forum at a world level came into existence before the 1973 oil crisis. In 1975, France hosted a meeting cum Summit which had France, Germany, Italy, the UK, and Japan as the participant representatives.

  • In late spring, six leaders from West Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States met in Rambouillet under a rotating presidency to form the G6. This G6 first met in 1975 to discuss some big problems and issues like the collapse of Britain’s fixed exchange rate system and the oil shock that the world faced during the 1970s.
  • Later, in 1976, Canada joined the G6 group, and the group was renamed the G7. The countries of the G7 discussed many other issues apart from economic problems, like foreign and security policy issues too.
  • The Group of Eight (G8) was established in 1998 with the addition of Russia. From 1998 to 2014, Russia was a member of the forum; however, after Moscow annexed the Crimean Peninsula of Ukraine, Russia was compelled to leave.

G7 Countries

According to the International Monetary Fund, the G7, often known as the Group of Seven, is a collection of the seven most developed economies. The G7 countries are Canada, Japan, the United Kingdom, France, Italy, Germany, and the United States.

G7 countries account for 10% of the global population, 31% of the world’s GDP, and 21% of the world’s carbon dioxide emissions as of 2022.

G7 Headquarters

The G7 has no permanent staff or office and is not founded on a treaty. It is run through a yearly rotation of the member states holding the presidency, with the presiding state determining the group’s priorities and hosting and running its G7 summit.

The Senior G7 leader is the one who has held office the longest among the seven leaders, and is the head of G7; at the moment, it is Justin Trudeau. He has held the position since December 2021.

Significance of G7

The existence of the G7 group is of great significance to the world as

  • It provides discussions on the issues that are of public welfare and opens the way to global leadership.
  • It also provides a platform for the best and top economies in the world to share a stage and mindmap the ways to change global trends and sort out the challenges.

48th G7 Summit 2022

The 48th G7 Summit was held in June 2022 in the Bavarian Alps, in Germany where it assumed its Presidency on 1st June 2022. The seven G7 countries are Italy, Canada, Germany, Japan, the United States, the United Kingdom, and France.

  • ‘Progress towards an equal world’ served as the main theme of Germany’s seventh G7 presidency, which it hosted in 2022.
  • India, Senegal, Argentina, Indonesia, and South Africa were invited to the 2022 G7 Summit as partner nations by the German Chancellor.
  • The WTO, UN, WHO, IMF, and World Bank were among the international organizations that attended the G7 summit.

Both the European Council President and the commission president represent the European Union in all Global discussions.

48th G7 Summit 2022: Highlights

The G7 leaders covered a multitude of topics during their three-day gathering at the 48th G7 Summit, including:

  • Partnership for Global Infrastructure and Investment (PGII): 600 billion dollars by 2027 to be collectively mobilized for infrastructure projects in developing and middle-income countries.
  • LiFE (Lifestyle for Environment) campaign: To promote an eco-friendly lifestyle
  • Russia-Ukraine Crisis: Due to the ongoing crisis, oil prices have soared. Indian PM suggested that there should be an equal distribution of energy resources between the rich and poor nations.
  • Clean Energy Technology: Clean energy technologies support economic growth by increasing the supply of energy needed, addressing environmental issues, and mitigating the effects of using other traditional energy sources.

Principles of G7

The following are some digital principles that were agreed upon by G7 countries in October 2021 in London:

  • The G7 can keep an eye on digital trade and cross-border data.
  • Open digital markets, digital trading systems, fair global governance, and cross-border data flow are some of the issues that were covered in the G7 digital trading principles.

Challenges to G7

Despite being the forum of the world’s largest economies, there are several inner clashes among the participating G7 members over certain issues. The challenges associated with G7 include:

  • The G7 is still viewed by some states and individuals as an exclusive, secretive organization that blatantly usurps the authority of other countries. The group’s combined power is so great that it has an excessively negative effect on other countries.
  • The Washington consensus has received the majority of the group’s attention. It is the aggregate name for ten recommendations for economic policies that will support a free-market economy.
  • The group no longer reflects the geopolitical realities of the day. In comparison to non-members like India and China, several current members, such as Italy and Canada, have less economic and political influence.
  • The G7 lacks a permanent secretariat and a legal status, in contrast to other organizations like NATO. The meeting objectives are also of a non-binding nature.

G7 UPSC

G7 is one of the important international summits to be held annually. The G7 Summits are important from the UPSC Exam point of view, as questions related to the topic are asked either in UPSC Mains or Prelims.

Practising UPSC Previous Year’s Question Papers will boost your confidence for IAS Exam.

G7 UPSC Question

Question. Consider the following statements and answer the question that follows-

  1. G7 Group is a formal group having serious topics for discussion.
  2. The meeting of the G7 is held twice a year.

Choose the correct option below-

  1. 1 only
  2. 2 only
  3. Both are correct
  4. None of the above

Answer. Option 4

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