Syllogism:
A syllogism is a form of deductive reasoning consisting of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion. When one makes a conclusion from a general statement or premise and forms a specific conclusion, it takes the form of deductive reasoning, as the specific conclusion is deducted from the general statement.
Syllogism: Syllogisms can be solved in many different ways, the most frequently used method being Venn diagrams. Venn diagrams show all possible and hypothetically logical relations between a collection of finite and infinite statements. In case of an overlap of the diagrams, it means that an object comes under two or more categories of statements.
Example:
1. All papayas are cycles.
2. All cycles are pens.
A. All cycles are papayas.
B. All papayas are pens.
C. All pens are cycles.
D. All pens are papayas.
Ans B
Solution:
In the above statement, it is given that all papayas are cycles, implying that papayas are a subset of cycles. Hence, the circle representing papayas is enclosed within that representing cycles.
The same holds good for cycles and pens. Thus, from this we can conclude that the collection of pens is the biggest set, implying that all papayas are pens, and all cycles are pens. However, all cycles are not payapas, all pens are not papayas and all pens are not cycles.
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