दैनिक करंट अफेयर्स 26 मई 2023
Important News: International
Georgi Gospodinov wins Booker Prize
Why in news: Georgy Gospodinov, a prominent Bulgarian writer, has gained international acclaim for her thought-provoking works that delve into the complexities of human existence. He recently became the first Bulgarian to receive the International Booker Prize.
A. His literary achievements have transcended language barriers, with his books translated into many languages. With the success of Gospodinov, the skilled translator Angela Rodale has been instrumental in bringing her works to an English-speaking audience.
B. Georgi Gospodinov's literary skills have captivated readers around the world, leading to the translation of her works into more than 20 languages. His novel "The Physics of Grief" stands as one of his famous and highly respected works, reflecting his ability to delve into the depths of human emotions and experiences.
C. The Italian translation of Gospodinov's novel "Time Shelter" was awarded the prestigious Premio Strega Europo Prize. This recognition speaks of the universality of Gospodinov's story, transcending boundaries and resonating with readers across cultures.
D. The list of Gospodinov's literary repertoire extends beyond traditional novels. His graphic novel "The Eternal Fly" holds the distinction of being the first Bulgarian graphic novel.
E. The translation of Gospodinov's works into English has been skillfully handled by Angela Rodale, a well-known literary translator. Rodale's contributions have allowed English-speaking readers to access Gospodinov's thought-provoking narratives and experience his unique literary voice.
F.Angela Rodale's translation of "The Physics of Grief" received critical acclaim and several prestigious awards. In particular, he was awarded the AATSEL Prize for best literary translation in English, recognizing his exceptional skill in faithfully conveying the essence of Gospodinov's work to an English-speaking audience.
G. In 2016, Angela Rodale was named a finalist for the Pen Translation Award, which further strengthened her reputation as an accomplished translator. This recognition highlights his extraordinary talent in bridging linguistic and cultural gaps, allowing readers to appreciate Gospodinov's work in English.
(SOURCE – LIVE MINT)
Important News: National
Infosys unveils AI-first offering Infosys Topaz to accelerate business value
Why in news: Infosys, a leading IT services company, has launched Topaz, a comprehensive suite of services, solutions, and platforms that harness the power of generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies.
A.Topaz is built on Infosys' Applied AI framework, enabling the development of an AI-first core that enhances the capabilities of individuals and organizations to deliver cognitive solutions and accelerate value creation.
B.Enhancing Capacity and Embracing Responsible AI With an AI-First approach, Topaz aims to unleash the potential of humans, enterprises, and communities, enabling them to take advantage of the next wave of opportunities generated by unprecedented innovations, connected ecosystems, and increased capacity.
C.Infosys emphasizes its commitment to a "responsible by design" approach while ensuring unwavering ethics, trust, privacy, security, and compliance within AI-driven solutions.
D. Harnessing the power of Infosys Cobalt and Data Analytics Topaz Infosys Cobalt integrates the capabilities of cloud and data analytics, leveraging their collective power to drive AI-enabled business transformation. By providing tailored solutions and intuitive experiences, Topaz enables businesses to unlock growth potential and derive value from their data assets.
E.Additionally, a national railway company used Topaz to create a smart hub, facilitate agile value chains, and optimize functions such as logistics.
F. By implementing Topaz internally, Infosys aims to accelerate the growth of its market offering, drive enterprise transformation and drive incremental value through subtle changes that improve customer service, re-imagine business processes, and boost productivity.
(SOURCE – NEWS ON AIR)
76th world health assembly
Why in news: Recently, the Union Minister of Health and Family Welfare delivered the keynote address at a side event session on "Heal and Heal by India in India" at the 76th World Health Assembly in Geneva.
A.The 'Heal by India' initiative has been designed with the intention of increasing the mobility of the health workforce from India to different parts of the world to serve the world in accordance with the Indian philosophy of 'Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam' (The World is One Family).
B.The 'Heal in India' initiative aims to provide "integrated and holistic treatment" to the world in India and enhance patient mobility for access to world-class, affordable and quality healthcare services.
C.WHO is a specialized agency of the United Nations that is responsible for international public health. It is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland. It was established on April 7, 1948, which is celebrated as World Health Day.
D.Work: The agency leads global efforts to expand universal health coverage and to direct and coordinate the world's response to health emergencies.
(SOURCE – INDIAN EXPRESS)
India to Launch 18 New PetaFLOP Supercomputers
Why in news: Supercomputers have revolutionized various fields of science and technology, and weather forecasting is no exception. India is currently planning to launch 18 new Petaflop supercomputers for weather forecasting this year.
A.The deployment of powerful supercomputers enables meteorologists to make more accurate predictions, leading to increased disaster preparedness and a better understanding of climate patterns.
B.The introduction of a new supercomputer brings many expected benefits to weather forecasting. First, forecasting at the block level is projected to improve, providing more localized and accurate information. This is especially useful in areas with diverse microclimates and different weather patterns. With a higher resolution range, meteorologists can analyze and predict weather events with greater detail and accuracy.
C.Cyclones are severe weather events that can cause significant damage and loss of life. The new supercomputer is expected to enhance cyclone predictions by incorporating advanced modeling techniques and comprehensive data analysis. This will improve early warning systems and lead to better preparedness measures, ultimately reducing the impact of cyclones on vulnerable populations.
Understanding the behavior of the oceans is important for various sectors including fisheries, marine activities and coastal management. The new supercomputer will enable meteorologists to generate forecasts of ocean conditions, which will provide valuable information about factors such as water temperature, currents and seawater quality.
D.These forecasts contribute to the sustainable management of marine resources and the protection of coastal ecosystems. FLPS (floating-point operation per second) is a metric used to measure computational performance. It determines the processing power and efficiency of computing systems, especially in the high-performance computing and artificial intelligence domains. FLP involves mathematical calculations using real numbers with partial parts.
E.Over the years, hardware efficiency has significantly affected computing power. Modern computing systems, such as CPUs and GPUs, use parallel processing techniques to perform multiple operations simultaneously. This parallelism has led to a rapid increase in the number of FLOPs obtained within a certain time frame. From early systems like the IBM 7030 Stretch, computing power has grown exponentially, with devices like the PlayStation 5 reaching peak performance of 10.28 TFTLP.
F.The computing power of today's supercomputers is often measured in petaflops (PFROPs), which represent billions or trillions of operations per second. One petaflop is equal to 1015 FLP. In 2008, the IBM Roadrunner became the first supercomputer to break the petaflops barrier with a peak performance of 1.105 petaflops. Currently, India uses supercomputers like 'Mihir' (2.8 petaflops) at NCMRWF and 'Pratyush' (4.0 petaflops) at IITM for weather forecasting.
G.While FLPs provide a valuable baseline for comparing computational capabilities, other factors affect the overall performance of a computer. Memory bandwidth, latency, and architectural features also play an important role. These factors collectively contribute to the efficiency and effectiveness of a computing system, ensuring optimal performance in various tasks.
H.India's weather forecasting efforts are supported by the National Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF) and the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM).
(SOURCE – TIMES OF INDIA)
Important News: State
The Ministry of Mines in collaboration with IIT, Bombay organised the first Mining Start-up Summit in Mumbai on May 29
Why in news: On May 29, 2023, he will inaugurate the first Mining Start-up Summit organized by the Ministry of Mines in collaboration with the Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay in Mumbai.
A.The unique summit will primarily focus on innovation and technologies that will help demonstrate, protect, and build autonomy in the field of mining and metallurgy.
B.With the third largest start-up ecosystem in the world, there is scope to address the challenges in the mining sector, simplify the process for the mining industry by leveraging new technologies in exploration and mining, and involve start-ups in enhancing the country's mining and mineral production.
C.During the event, the Ministry of Mines will interact with start-ups in the field of mining and metallurgy and how these start-ups equipped with various technologies can contribute to the activities of the mining sector and boost the capabilities of exploration and mining and enhance the efficiency of the mining sector.
D. The summit will also focus on interactions with leading industries, financial institutions, and banks in the mineral exploration sector. Students and young professionals working in the fields of exploration, virtual reality, automation, drone technology, consulting, etc. You will also benefit from the event. More than 120 start-ups and 20 leading industries will participate in this summit.
E.Some of the major highlights of the first Mining Start-up Summit to be held in India's commercial capital Mumbai are a state-of-the-art exhibition showcasing the advancement of technology in the mining sector, technical sessions and panel discussions with industries and academia, presentations by start-ups, brainstorming sessions are some of the major attractions.
(SOURCE –The Hindu)
Samarth campaign for digital transactions
Why in news: Union Minister for Rural Development and Panchayati Raj Shri Giriraj Singh recently launched the 'Samarth Campaign on Promoting Digital Transactions in 50,000 Gram Panchayats' under The Azadika Matru Mahotsav in Lucknow.
A. The campaign, launched by the Ministry of Rural Development, aims to promote digital transactions in rural areas with a special focus on empowering women.
B. Under the Samarth Abhiyan, the government wants to promote the adoption of digital transactions in 50,000 gram panchayats across India. The initiative aligns with Prime Minister Narendra Modi's vision of Azadi Ka Matritva Mahotsav, which celebrates 75 years of India's Independence. The campaign started on February 1, 2023 and will continue till August 15, 2023.
C.Emphasising on India's global leadership in women empowerment, he also appreciated the contribution of BC Sakhis in the digital economy.
D.He emphasized the important role played by BC Sakhis in Uttar Pradesh, enabling more than 5 crores 57 lakh digital transactions and providing doorstep banking services to the last mile of the population. These empowered women have not only served underprivileged citizens but also helped banks save costs on small amounts of transactions.
E. The Uttar Pradesh government is integrating banking services into digital village secretariats in villages, thereby increasing access. Empowering Women and changing lives Minister of State for Rural Development, Consumer Affairs, Food, and Public Distribution Sadhvi Niranjan Jyoti lauded the women of India for their multitasking capabilities, acknowledging their contribution in managing households as well as bringing banking services to underprivileged citizens across the country.
F. The event also included the distribution of biometric point of sale (PoS) machines and appointment letters to newly appointed BC sakhis. Around 1000 BC Sakhis from all over India participated in the event held in Lucknow. The State Rural Livelihoods Mission (SRLM) and stakeholders across the country joined the event through webcasts and live streaming on social media platforms.
(SOURCE – INDIAN EXPRESS)
Innovation nurturing scheme
Why in news: To address the challenges in the ship design and construction industry, Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers (GRSE) Limited, a Kolkata-based defense PSU (public sector undertaking), has launched an innovation nutrition scheme.
A. The GRSE Accelerated Innovation Nurturing Plan - 2023 (GAINES) aims to generate a large number of ideas and support their development through a two-step process.
B. The primary objective of GAINS 2023 is to identify and encourage the development of innovative solutions for technological advancements in shipbuilding, especially from startups. GRSE intends to leverage the ecosystem to address both current and emerging challenges in the ship design and construction industry. The focus areas for GAINS 2023 include artificial intelligence, renewable energy, energy efficiency, and efficiency enhancement.
C. The partnership between GRSE and innovators is a "win-win" situation that will shape the future of technology and innovation in the ship design and construction industry.
D. Open Innovation, a well-established and effective approach, will be used to gather ideas from outside the organization and create better solutions in a relatively short time. This initiative of GRSE is the first of its kind launched by a public sector undertaking to launch a startup challenge. It aims to harness the inherent strengths and capabilities of the Indian startup ecosystem to develop technologically innovative solutions.
E.The GRSE Accelerated Innovation Nutrition Plan - 2023 (GAINES) follows a two-step process:
- Idea Generation: The scheme invites innovators to participate in an Open Innovation Challenge, encouraging them to submit their ideas. Focus areas for ideas include artificial intelligence, renewable energy, energy efficiency, and efficiency enhancement in ship design and construction.
- Idea selection and nutrition: Out of the ideas presented, some promising ones will be selected for further development and nurturing. GRSE will provide support, resources and mentorship to selected innovators to help them refine and implement their ideas.
F.Profit:
Promote innovation
Technological advancements
Collaboration Opportunities
G. The launch of Gains 2023 reflects GRSE's vision to foster innovation and leverage the Indian startup ecosystem for technological advancements in ship design and construction.
(SOURCE – ECONOMIC TIMES)
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