UPPSC Geography Optional Syllabus
Here mentioned the topic-wise syllabus of Geography Optional Syllabus for UPPSC PCS Mains Examination. You can also download the PDF of the syllabus of Geography Optional
PAPER - I
SECTION-A – PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY
1. Geomorphology
- Origin and structure of the Earth,
- Earth movements,
- Plate tectonics and Mountain Building,
- Isostasy; Vulcansim; Weathering and Erosion; Cycle of Erosion,
- Evolution of landforms; fluvial, glacial, aeolian, marine and karst Rejuvenation and Polycyclic Landform features.
2. Climatology:
- Composition and structure of Atmosphere,
- Insolation and Heat Budget Atmospheric pressure and winds; Moisture and Precipitation; Air masses and Fronts
- Cyclone: Origine, Movements and associated weather; Classification of world climates Koppen and Thomthwaite.
3. Oceanography:
- Configuration of Ocean floor, Salinity, Ocean Currents, Tides Ocean deposits and coral reefs.
4. Soil and Vegetation:
- Soils-genesis; classification and world distribution,
- Soil Vegetation Symbiosis;
- Biotic Communities and Succession.
5. Ecosystem:
- Concept of Ecosystem,
- Structure and functioning of Ecosystem,
- Types of Ecosystem,
- Major Biomes,
- Man's impact on the Ecosystem and Global Ecological issues.
SECTION-B – HUMAN GEOGRAPHY
1. Evolution of Geographical Thought:
- Contributions of Indian, German, French, British and Soviet Geographers,
- Traditional Paradigms:- Determinism, Possiblism, Regionalism and Contemporary Paradigms of Geography – positivism and quantitative revolution, models and systems in Geography,
- Recent trends in geographic thought with special reference to behavioural radical, humanism, post-modernism in Feminism and ecological paradigms.
2. Human Geography:
- Human habitat in major natural regions,
- The emergence of Man and Races of Mankind,
- Cultural evolution and stages,
- Major cultural realms, Growth and Distribution of population; International migration;
- Demographic Transition and contemporary population problems.
3. Settlement Geography:
- Concept of Settlement Geography,
- Rural settlements – Nature; Origin, Types and patterns; Urban settlements: Origin, Patterns, Processes and consequences,
- Central place theory; Classification of towns; Hierarchy of Urban Centres, Morphology of Towns;
- Rural-Urban nexus,
- Umiand urban fringes; Futuristic trends.
4. Economic Geography:
- Fundamental concepts; Concepts of Resources: Classification, Conservation and Management;
- Nature and Types of Agriculture, Agricultural land use;
- Location theories; World Agricultural Regions;
- Major crops; Mineral and Power Resources;
- Occurrence, Reserve, Utilization and Production patterns;
- World Energy crisis and search for alternatives;
- Industries- Theories of Industrial location, Major industrial regions; Major Industries- Iron & Steel. Paper, Textiles.
- Petro- Chemicals, Automobiles, Shipbuilding- their location patterns,
- International Trade, Trade Blocks, Trade routes; Ports and Global Trade Centres;
- Globalization and World Economic Development Patterns,
- Concepts and approaches to Sustainable Development.
5. Political Geography:
- Concept of Nation and State; Frontiers, Boundaries and Buffer zones;
- Concepts of Heartland and Rimland; Federalism,
- Contemporary world Geopolitical issues.
PAPER - II (GEOGRAPHY OF INDIA)
SECTION (A) PHYSICAL & HUMAN GEOGRAPHY
1. Physical Features:
- Geological systems and structure: Relief and drainage,
- soils and natural vegetation;
- soil degradation and deforestation,
- origin and mechanism of the Indian Monsoon,
- The climatic region, and physiographic region.
2. Wild Life, National Park, Sanctuaries, biospheric reserves, biodiversity hot-spots.
3. Wetland, tourism- resource and economy, natural hazards, disasters and management, environmental issues.
4. Population and Settlements-
- Distribution and growth, structural characteristics of the population,
- Rural Settlements- types, patterns and morphology,
- Urban settlement- criteria and classification of urban Settlement, hierarchy and Umland, Urbanisation,
- Urban Policy, Urban Planning, the role of Small Towns, Smart City and Smart Village.
5. Political organization:
- Historical perspective on unity and diversity states reorganization;
- Regional consciousness and national integration,
- Geographical basis of Centre-State relations, International Boundaries of India and related geo-political issues, India and the geopolitics of Indian Ocean, India and the SAARC.
SECTION (B)
ECONOMIC & REGIONAL GEOGRAPHY
1. Agriculture:
- Salient Features of Indian Agriculture,
- The problem of wastelands and their reclamation,
- Cropping patterns and intensity, agricultural efficiency and productivity,
- Impact of green revolution,
- Agricultural regions,
- Agro-ecological regions,
- Landholding patterns, land reforms,
- Crop combination regions,
- Modernization of agriculture and agricultural planning.
2. Resources:
- Distributional patterns, reserves and production trends,
- Complementarity of minerals, energy resources- coal, petroleum,
- Hydro-power, multipurpose river valley projects,
- Energy crisis and search for alternatives,
- Marine resources and biotic resources.
3. Industries:
- Industrial development, major Industries- Iron & Steel, Textiles, Paper, Cement, Fertilizers, Sugar and Petro-Chemicals,
- Industrial Complexes and regions,
- Industrial policy.
9. Transport and Trade:
- Railways and Roads networks,
- Problems and prospects of Civil Aviation and Water Transport;
- Inter-Regional Trade International trade, Major Ports and Trade Centres.
10. Regional Development and Planning:
- Problems with regional development and planning strategies,
- Multi-level planning, planning regions, planning for Metropolitan,
- Tribal, Hilly, Drought-prone Regions,
- Watershed Management,
- Regional disparities in development,
- Five Year Plans and planning for sustainable development.
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