Facts about South America Continent for MP State Subordinate exams

Facts about South America for MP State Exams

It is the fourth largest continent in the world.
This continent is most popularly known as Latin America.
South America is bounded by the Caribbean Sea to the northwest and north, the Atlantic Ocean to the northeast, east, and southeast, and the Pacific Ocean to the west.
Mt. Cotopaxy lies in this continent which is the highest active volcano in the world.
In the northwest, it is joined to North America by the Isthmus of Panama.
The Drake Passage, south of Cape Horn, separates South America from Antarctica
Total area- 6,878,000 square miles (17,814,000 square km), or roughly one-eighth of the land surface of Earth. Its greatest north-south extent is about 4,700 miles, from Point Gallinas, Colombia, to Cape Horn, while its greatest east-west extent is some 3,300 miles, from Cape Branco, Brazil, to Point Pariñas, Peru.
Mount Aconcagua (22,831 feet), in Argentina, near the border with Chile, is not only the continent’s highest point but also the highest elevation in the Western Hemisphere.
The Valdés Peninsula, on the southeastern coast of Argentina, includes the lowest point.
Andes Mountains is the second largest mountain system in the world after the Himalayas.

The Venezuelan Andes is the northernmost range of the system, running parallel to the Caribbean Sea coast in Venezuela west of Caracas, before turning to the southwest and entering Colombia.

The Amazon the largest river basin in the world.
Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, ParaguaCountries-y, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, and Venezuela.
Important Lakes- Lake Titicaca, Lake Junín, Lake Sarococha, Lake Buenos Aires, Lake Argentino, Lake Nahuel Huapí, Lake Maracaibo, Dos Patos Lagoon.
Major Rivers: Amazon River, Rio Sao Francisco, Madeira River, Magdalena River, Negro River, River Paraguay, Rio Tocantins, Ucayali River, Xingu River, Orinoco River, and Parana River.
Major Waterfalls: Iguazu Falls (Argentina), Guaira Falls (Brazil & Paraguay), Smoke Falls(Brazil), Waterfall Park (Brazil), Huilo-Huilo Falls (Chile), Laja Falls (Chile), Petrohue Falls (Chile), Tequendamita Falls (Colombia), Kaieeur Falls (Guyana), King Edward VIII Falls (Guyana), Monday Falls (Paraguay), Gocta Falls (Peru), Three Sisters Falls (Peru), Yumbilla Falls (Peru), Angel Falls (Venezuela), Cuquennan Falls (Venezuela), Llovizna Falls (Venezuela), and Yutaje Falls (Venezuela).
Fauna: Candor (largest bird of prey); Rhea (Flightless bird that can run very fast); Anaconda (group of large snakes of the genus Eunectes), Armadillo; Ant-eater; Puma (Ferocious animal of lion family); and Llama (animal from camel family).
The Argentine Pampas, the largest fertile area on the continent.
Brazil is the largest country in South America, encompassing around half of the continent's land area and population.
Brazil, Colombia and Ecuador are one of the largest producers of coffee in the world.
Quito (Ecuador) is the highest capitals city of the world.
Chile is the largest producer of Nitrate in the world.
Chuquicamata plateau of Chile is famous for the production of copper. It is known as the ‘Copper Capital of the world’.
Venezuela has the largest known oil and gas reserves.
The smallest country in South America is called Surinam, it also has the smallest population on the continent (and one of the smallest in the world).
South America is home to the world's highest uninterrupted waterfall, Angel Falls in Venezuela.
It is also home to the highest single-drop waterfall Kaieteur Falls in Guyana.
Other facts- the Atacama Desert, the largest rainforest, the Amazon Rainforest; the highest capital city, La Paz, Bolivia; the highest commercially navigable lake in the world, Lake Titicaca; and, excluding research stations in Antarctica, the world's southernmost permanently inhabited community, Puerto Toro, Chile, all lie in South America.

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