Enhance your Vocabulary from Newspaper Wordlist: 29th September 2021

Our series, ‘Enhance your Vocabulary from Newspaper Wordlist’ aims to help you completely understand the commonly used words with their meanings, pronunciations, synonyms, antonyms, proper use in sentences, etc.

Given below is an important editorial from the newspaper ‘The Hindu', followed by important words from the same, to help you strengthen your vocabulary.

Happy Reading!

High water: on growing challenge from tropical cyclones

Important Words from the Article

1. Word: Fallout (नतीजा)

• Pronunciation: fawl-out/फॉलाउट
• Part of Speech: Noun
• Meaning: 
  a. the settling to the ground of airborne particles ejected into the atmosphere from the earth by explosions, eruptions, forest fires, etc., especially such settling from nuclear explosions (radioactive fallout )
  b. the particles themselves. Compare rainout
  c. an unexpected or incidental effect, outcome, or product
  d. effects; results
• Synonyms: effect, impact, repercussions
• Antonyms: cause, reason
• Usage in a sentence: A number of cancer deaths are caused by fallout from weapons testing.

2. Word: Fraught (भारयुक्त, व्याकुल)

• Pronunciation: frawt/ फ्रॉट
• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Meaning: 
  a. (of a situation or course of action) filled with or likely to result in (something undesirable).
  b. causing or affected by anxiety or stress.
• Synonyms: charged, laden, anxious, worried, upset, distraught, overwrought, agitated, distressed, distracted, desperate
• Antonyms: devoid, bare, destitute
• Usage in a Sentence: The long journey through the tropical forest was fraught with danger.

 3. Word: Propensity (रुझान)

• Pronunciation: pruh-pen-si-tee/प्रपेन्सिटी
• Part of Speech: Noun
• Meaning:
  a. a natural inclination or tendency
• Synonyms: tendency, inclination, proclivity
• Antonyms: aversion, disfavour
• Usage in a sentence: He's well-known for his natural propensity for indiscretion.

4. Word: Assess  (आकलन)

• Pronunciation:uh-ses/असेस
• Part of Speech: Verb
• Meaning: evaluate or estimate the nature, ability, or quality of
• Synonyms: compute, determine
• Antonyms: assist, ignore
• Use in a Sentence: The purpose of the final exam is to assess how much information students have acquired throughout the semester.

5. Word: Headwinds (विपरीत परिस्थितियां)

• Part of Speech: Adjective
• Meaning:
  a wind that blows in the opposite direction to the one in which you are moving.
• Pronunciation: hed-wind/हेड्विन्ड्ज़
• Synonyms: against the current, gust, upwind
• Antonyms: downwind
• Usage in a Sentence: Donald Trump is facing political headwinds, including from his own base.

6. Phrase: Upend (उलट जाना)

• Pronunciation:  uhp-end/अपेन्ड
• Part of Speech: Verb
• Meaning:
  a. set or turn (something) on its end or upside down
• Synonyms: invert, topple, reverse
• Antonyms: right, proper, exact
• Use in a Sentence: I think, if you upend the box it will take less space.

7. Phrase: Imperative (आज्ञार्थक,जरूरी)

• Pronunciation: im-per-uh-tiv/इम्पेरटिव
• Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
• Meaning: 
  a. of vital importance; crucial. [Adjective]
  b. giving an authoritative command; peremptory. [Adjective]
  c. an essential or urgent thing. [Noun]
• Synonyms: necessary, obligatory, requisite
• Antonyms: nonessential, insignificant, needless
• Usage in a Sentence: In an organization, a prompt reply is imperative.

8. Word: Alacrity (उत्साह)

• Pronunciation: uh-lak-ri-tee/ अलैक्रटी
• Part of Speech: Noun
• Meaning: brisk and cheerful readiness.
• Synonyms: willingness, eagerness, readiness, preparedness
• Antonyms: laziness, reluctance, indifference, disinclination, aversion
• Usage in a sentence: It was an interesting challenge and I responded with alacrity.

9. Phrase: Deluge (डुबोना)

• Pronunciation: del-yooj/डेल्यूज
• Part of Speech: Noun, Verb
• Meaning:
  a. a great flood of water; inundation; flood (Noun)
  b. a drenching rain; downpour (Noun)
  c. anything that overwhelms like a flood (Noun)
  d. to flood; inundate (Verb)
• Synonyms: flood, inundate, swamp, submerge
• Antonyms: drought, drizzle, trickle
• Usage in a sentence:  This little stream can become a deluge when it rains heavily.

10. Word: Short shrift (उपेक्षा)

• Pronunciation: shawrt-shrift/ शॉर्ट श्रिफ्ट
• Part of Speech: Noun
• Meaning:
  a. a brief time for confession or absolution given to a condemned prisoner before his or her execution.
  b. little attention or consideration in dealing with a person or matter:
• Synonyms: little heed, inattention, neglect, little regard
• Antonyms: consideration, great emphasis
• Usage in a sentence: The authorities gave short shrift to the list of safety measures outlined in the manual.

'Writer's Corner'

Based on the description of the words, we have some practice questions for you. Answer these questions in the comments section. Our team will review them at the earliest!

Exercise 1. Make your own Sentences.

Here are some of the words from the above article. Try to frame sentences from them in your own words and share them with us in the comments section!

• Deluge
• Headwinds
• Propensity
• Upend
• Short shrift
  
  

Exercise 2: Match the columns.

Share your answers in the comment section. 

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