The Presidential  Election in India

(1) Article 52 – There shall be a President of India.
(2) Article 53 – The Executive power of the Union: The executive power shall be vested in the President and shall be exercised by him either directly or through officers subordinate to him.
(3) He is the supreme commander of the defence forces in India.
(4) Though he’s only the constitutional head, or titular head, de jure head or nominal executive, or just a symbolic head.

Presidential Election

1. The President shall be elected by the members of an electoral college consisting of:

     (a) The Elected MPs
     (b) The Elected MLAs of the States
     (c) The Elected MLAs of National Capital Territory of Delhi (added by 70th Amendment  Act, 1992) and Union Territory of Puducherry.

1. Thus, nominated members of Parliament and legislative assemblies and members of legislative councils do not participate in the presidential election.

1. Article-55 provides for the manner of election and there should be uniformity and representation throughout the Nation as per the constitution. Hence, MPs and MLAs have been assigned votes as per their representation. This year 776 MP and 4033 MLA will participate in the Presidential election of India. The value votes of MLA are 5,43,231 and MP’s are 5,43,200.

1. The election is held in accordance with the system of proportional representation by means of single transferable vote and voting is done by secret ballot.
   5. All doubts and disputes arising out of the Presidential elections are decided into and enquired by the Supreme Court whose decision is final.
   6. The elections are monitored and conducted by the Election Commission of India.
   7. Only one President, Neelam Sanjiva Reddy has been elected unopposed so far.
   8. Dr. Rajendra Prasad is the only President to have been elected twice.
   9. Two Presidents – Dr. Zakir Hussain and Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed have died in the office.
2. First President from west  Bengal -Sri Pranab Mukherjee 

Term of Office (Article 56) and Re-election (Article 57)

1. Term – 5 years.
2. Resignation is addressed to the Vice-President.
3. The President is eligible for re-election for any number of terms.

Qualification (Article 58), Conditions (Article 59) & Oath (Article 60)

1. Eligibility -
   (a) Citizen of India
   (b) 35 years
   (c) Is eligible for election as an MP of the House of the People.
2. Shouldn’t hold any office of profit.
3. The President shall not be a member of either House of Parliament of any Legislature. Even if such a member is elected, he is deemed to have vacated that seat.
4. The nomination of a candidate for election must be subscribed by at least 50 electors as proposers and 50 electors as seconders.
5. An oath administered by the Chief Justice of India or in his absence the senior-most judge of the Supreme Court available.
6. Emoluments, allowances, privileges, etc. as may be determined by the Parliament and which can’t be diminished during his term.
7. He is immune from any criminal proceeding during his term. He can’t be arrested or imprisoned. However, after two months' notice, civil proceedings can be initiated against him during his term in respect of his personal acts.

Where does the voting take place?

• Voting for the President will take place in the Parliament of India and State Legislative assemblies of each state. MPs cast their vote in Parliament and MLAs in their respective state assemblies.
• According Election Commission, the Secretary-General, Rajyasabha will be appointed as the returning officer for the Presidential Election.

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