What Are the Covalent Compounds?
Covalent compounds are molecules that are formed by covalent bonds. A covalent bond is formed when two or more valence electron pairs are shared. Chemical ties, known as covalent bonds, include the sharing of electron pairs between atoms. When two atoms share electrons, the attractive and repulsive forces between them come to a stable equilibrium, forming covalent bonds. These electron pairs are often referred to as shared pairs or bonding pairs.
Bent bonds, agostic interactions, three-center two-electron bonds, metal-to-metal links, and three-center four-electron bonds are just a few other types of interactions that fall under the category of covalent bonding. The highest covalency happens when two similar electronegative atoms form bonds. The covalent molecule known as carbon tetrachloride (chemical formula CCl4) is composed of four nonpolar covalent bonds between carbon and chlorine elements.
Properties of Covalent Compounds:
Covalent bonds dictate the general behavior of stable covalent compounds. The attributes and features of covalent compounds are as follows:
- Formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms.
- Formed between two nonmetals or between a nonmetal and a metalloid.
- Between two atoms, there may be many covalent bonds.
- Isomerism is the ability of a single molecular formula to represent various compounds with various characteristics.
- Low melting and boiling points are properties of covalent compounds.
- The majority of covalent compounds don't carry electricity.
- Polar solvents like water cannot dissolve covalent molecules.
- However, they disintegrate in nonpolar solvents like benzene and toluene.
- Covalent compound reactions proceed fairly slowly.
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