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What is Saytzeff Rule? Illustrate with a suitable example.

By BYJU'S Exam Prep

Updated on: September 25th, 2023

Saytzeff Rule helps to find the alkene formation in a dehydrohalogenation reaction. An example of the Saytzeff rule is the reaction of an alkyl halide with the base to produce alkene. The alkene with the most alkyl groups linked to the doubly connected carbon atoms is the desired result in dehydrohalogenation processes.

The production of the main alkene in a dehydrohalogenation reaction can be estimated using Saytzeff’s rule. The rule only depicts the regiochemistry of the elimination process; it does not depict the product’s stereochemistry.

History of Saytzeff’s Rule

  1. Saytzeff’s Rule, also known as Zaitsev’s rule, is used to foretell the main product in haloalkane and alcohol elimination processes. In elimination reactions, it serves as an empirical rule for predicting the preferred alkene products.
  2. Saytzeff’s Rule was developed by Alexander Zaitsev, a Russian scientist, after researching numerous elimination processes and spotting a common pattern in the resultant alkenes. According to him, the alkene that results from the removal of the hydrogen from the alpha-carbon with the fewest hydrogen substituents is the one that is formed in the highest amount.
  3. According to this rule, the product that is most substituted and so most preferred in an elimination reaction will also be the most stable. This criterion only applies to the regiochemistry of the elimination reaction and makes no generalizations about the stereochemistry of the newly produced talk. For many elimination reactions, Saytzeff’s Rule accurately predicts the preferred product, but it is also subject to a number of exceptions.

Example of Saytzeff’s rule

  • Saytzeff’s rule is used to determine the major and minor products of the reaction between an alkyl halide and a base that results in an alkene.
  • Because the carbon atoms in the double bond have more alkyl groups attached to them than the carbon atoms in but-1-ene, but-2-ene is the main product of the reaction in the example above.

Summary:

What is Saytzeff Rule? Illustrate with a suitable example.

A dehydrohalogenation reaction’s alkene formation can be determined using the Saytzeff Rule. The reaction of an alkyl halide with a base to create an alkene serves as an illustration of the Saytzeff rule.

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