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World Climate Types: Tropical Marine Climate; Savanna or Sudan climate
By BYJU'S Exam Prep
Updated on: September 13th, 2023
Climatic Type: The Tropical Marine Climate
Climate (Temperature & Precipitation):
- Steady rainfall because of the influence of Trade winds throughout the year
- Presence of both, Orographic and Convectional rainfall
- No distinct dry period
Distribution:
- Tropical Marine climate is experienced along Eastern margins of Tropical lands. This includes regions like Central America, West Indies, north-eastern Australia, Philippines, parts of East Africa, Madagascar, Guinea Coast and eastern Brazil.
Vegetation & Wildlife:
- Deciduous trees which shed their leaves.
- Durable hardwoods like teak, Sal, acacia, varieties of eucalyptus, bamboo etc.
- Tropical monsoon forests are more open, less luxuriant and less diverse.
- Monsoonal vegetation varies from forests to thickets and from savanna to scrubland.
Major Tribes: They practice Shifting cultivation have different names. Those are:
Region |
Practice of Shifting cultivation |
Malaysia |
Ladang |
Myanmar |
Taungya |
Thailand |
Tamrai |
Java |
Humah |
Philippines |
Caingin |
Sri Lanka |
Chena |
Africa |
Milpa |
Central America |
Milpa |
Climatic Type: The Savanna or Sudan climate
Climate (Temperature & Precipitation):
- Extreme diurnal range of temperature is its characteristic feature.
- The highest temperature just before the rainy season.
- Alternate hot, rainy season and cool, dry season.
- Length of rainy season and the amount of annual rainfall decreases as we move away from the equator.
- Prevailing Trade winds which are strongest in Summer, bring rain to the coastal districts.
Distribution:
- This is a transitional type of climate between equatorial forests and trade wind hot deserts.
- It is confined within the tropical region. It is best developed in west African Sudan, east Africa and southern Africa above the Tropic of Capricorn. The Savanna region known is ‘Kano’ and ‘Salisbury’.
- In Australia, it is stretched from west to east, north of the Tropic of Capricorn.
- In South America, Orinoco basin which is Savanna region north of the equator is known as ‘Llanos’ and south of the equator containing Brazilian highlands is known as ‘Campos’.