All Electric Vehicles
This type is fully electric with rechargeable batteries and does not have a gasoline engine. It stores electricity onboard with high-capacity battery packs. Battery power is used to run the electric motor of the vehicle and as well as all onboard electronics. Main components are mentioned below :
- Battery : It gives electricity to power the accessories of the vehicle.
- Charge port: It helps the vehicle to connect to an external power source so that Battery pack can be charged.
- DC/DC converter: It converts higher-voltage to lower voltage DC power required to run the vehicle and charge the battery pack.
- Electric traction motor: Motor drives the vehicle's wheels.
- Onboard charger: Coverts the AC Electricity into DC Power for charging the battery and it also monitors battery characteristics such as voltage, current, temperature, and state of charge while charging the pack.
- Power electronics controller: This unit manages the flow of electrical energy delivered by the traction battery, controlling the speed of the electric traction motor and the torque it produces.
- Thermal system (cooling): This system maintains a proper operating temperature range of the engine, electric motor, power electronics, and other components.
- Traction battery pack: Stores electricity for use by the electric traction motor.
- Transmission (electric): The transmission transfers mechanical power from the electric traction motor to drive the wheels.
Hybrid Electric Vehicle and Plug-in Hybrid Vehicle
- A hybrid vehicle gets its energy simultaneously from a gasoline engine and an electric motor, whereas A plug-in hybrid vehicle (PHEV) also uses a gasoline engine and an electric motor, It primarily using its electric motor, powered by the battery.
- A plug-in hybrid won’t tap into your gas tank until the battery runs out of power. Instead of the electric motor and the engine working together at the same time, a plug-in hybrid uses its engine as a backup plan
- In hybrid vehicle the engine also uses gasoline to help recharge the vehicle’s battery, which powers the electric motor whereas in PHEV once the battery runs out of power, it has to be charged using a plug-in electric charger; the engine does not recharge a plug-in hybrid’s battery.
Components of Hybrid Vehicle and Plug-In Hybrid Vehicles
The components of HEV and PHEV includes all the components of ALL ELECTRIC VEHICLES as mentioned above, additional components of HEV and PHEV are mentioned below :
- Electric generator: Generates electricity from the rotating wheels while braking, transferring that energy back to the traction battery pack. Some vehicles use motor generators that perform both the drive and regeneration functions.
- Exhaust system: The exhaust system channels the exhaust gases from the engine out through the tailpipe. A three-way catalyst is designed to reduce engine-out emissions within the exhaust system.
- Fuel filler: A nozzle from a high-pressure dispenser attaches to the receptacle on the vehicle to fill the tank.
- Fuel tank (gasoline): This tank stores gasoline on board the vehicle until it's needed by the engine.
- Internal combustion engine (spark-ignited): In this configuration, fuel is injected into either the intake manifold or the combustion chamber, where it is combined with air, and the air/fuel mixture is ignited by the spark from a spark plug.
Regenerative Braking
- As the electric car moves, the electric motor generates a forward momentum and it can be used to charge the batteries when you apply the brakes, which is commonly referred to as regenerative braking.
- It can recover up to about fifteen percent of used energy for acceleration. Though this component is indeed effective, it cannot generate enough to fully recharge an electric car.
Books to read about Electric Vehicles
- Build your own Electric Vehicles- by Bob Brant and Seth Leitman.
- The Electric Vehicle Conversion Handbook- by Mark Warner
- Electric Cars Ultimate Guide- by Brad Durant
- Inside Electric Cars- by Eschbach Christina
Top Electric and Hybrid Cars in Market Today
- Toyota : Toyota Prius, Toyota Camry Hybrid
- Tesla : Tesla Model S Hatchback, Tesla Model X
- BMW : BMW i3
- Nissan : Nissan Leaf
- Ford :Ford Focus Electric
- Jaguar : Jaguar I-Pace SUV
- Hyundai : Hyundai Kona Electric
Read Previous Article on Electric Vehicles Here
We will not stop until every car on the road is electric!
Transportation is transforming and we need to get ready, the auto industry is going to change more in the next 5 to 10 years than it has in the last 50.
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