Stress Concentration is Caused due to

Answer: (D)- All of the above

Stress concentration is caused due to abrupt changes in the section, variation in properties of the material from point to point member, and Pitting at points or areas at which loads on a member are applied.

Solution:- 

• Irregularities in the geometry like grooves, notches, holes, and fillets cause an interruption to the flow of stress, and stress concentration will occur. 
• In order to mount some other machine components to the elements some slots, holes, or cut the machine component for assembly. Due to this, stress and concentration will increase at those cross-sections. This is due to abrupt changes in the section.
• While designing the machine components, we consider the material homogeneous throughout the component. But in practice, internal cracks, blow holes, cavities in a weld, and non-metallic or foreign inclusions cause non-uniformity in the material's properties.

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