Sports Notes for SSB Interview: Football Game, Check All Details

1. History of the Game:

Modern football was born in 1863 when the English Football Association has founded yet the roots of the game stretch back centuries.

• The Chinese competitive game cuju is the earliest form of football for which there is scientific evidence and appears in second and third centuries BC.
• The Ancient Greeks and Romans are known to have played many ball games, some of which involved the use of the feet.

Source: Wikipedia

• Football in its current form arose in England in the middle of the 19th century
• The public schools in England played an important role in standardising the rules of the game.
  • Football was taken up as a winter game between residence houses at public (independent) schools such as Winchester, Charterhouse, and Eton.
  • Each school had its own rules; some allowed limited handling of the ball and others did not.
  • The variance in rules made it difficult for public schoolboys entering university to continue playing except with former schoolmates.
  • In 1843, an attempt to standardize and codify the rules of play was made at the University of Cambridge.
  • The Football Association (FA) is the governing body of association football in England was formed in 1863.
  • The first ‘universal’ football Laws were drawn up in 1863 and in 1886, The International Football Association Board (The IFAB) was founded by the four British football associations (The FA, Scottish FA, FA of Wales and Irish FA) as the worldwide body with sole responsibility for developing and preserving the Laws of the Game.
• Prominent Football Players:
  • Men:
    • Alfredo Di Stefano (Argentina)
    • Roberto Baggio (Italy)
    • Michel Platini (France)
    • Johan Cruyff (Netherlands)
    • Ronaldo (Brazil)
    • Zinedine Zidane (France)
    • Cristiano Ronaldo (Portugal)
    • Lionel Messi (Argentina)
    • Diego Maradona (Argentina)
    • Pele (Brazil)
    • Zlatan Ibrahimovic (Sweden)
  • Women:
    • Lucy Bronze (England)
    • Wendie Renard (French)
    • Ada Hegerberg (Norway)
    • Pernille Harder (Denmark)
    • Lieke Martens (Netherlands)
    • Sam Kerr (Australia)
    • Marta (Brazil)
    • Megan Rapinoe (USA)
    • Alex Morgan (USA)

United States women's national soccer team at 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup

1. Field of Play:

• The field of play must be a wholly natural or, if competition rules permit, a wholly artificial playing surface except where competition rules permit an integrated combination of artificial and natural materials (hybrid system).
• The colour of artificial surfaces must be green.
• The field of play must be rectangular and marked with continuous lines.
  • The two longer boundary lines are touchlines. The two shorter lines are goal lines.
  • The field of play is divided into two halves by a halfway line, which joins the midpoints of the two touchlines.
  • The centre mark is at the midpoint of the halfway line. A circle with a radius of 9.15 m (10 yds) is marked around it.

2.1 Dimensions:

• The touchline must be longer than the goal line.
  • Length (touchline):
    • minimum 90 m (100 yds)
    • maximum 120 m (130 yds)
  • Length (goal line):
    • minimum 45 m (50 yds)
    • maximum 90 m (100 yds)
  • Dimensions for international matches
    • Length (touchline):
      • minimum 100 m (110 yds)
      • maximum 110 m (120 yds)
    • Length (goal line):
      • minimum 64 m (70 yds)
      • maximum 75 m (80 yds)
    • Competitions may determine the length of the goal line and touchline within the above dimensions.

2.2: Goalposts:

• A goal must be placed in the centre of each goal line.
• The distance between the inside of the posts is 7.32 m (8 yds) and the distance from the lower edge of the crossbar to the ground is 2.44 m (8 ft).

1. Rules of the Game:

Football is played by two teams of 11 players each with one referee and two assistant referees on the ground. The game starts with each team position in their half. The players aim to score a goal in the goalpost of the opponent team. A goal is scored when the whole of the ball passes over the goal line, between the goalposts and under the crossbar, provided that no offence has been committed by the team scoring the goal. The team scoring most goals wins the match.

The 2018 FIFA World Cup Final between France and Croatia

3.1 Players:

• A match is played by two teams, each with a maximum of eleven players; one must be the goalkeeper.
• The number of substitutes, up to a maximum of five, which may be used in any match played in an official competition, will be determined by FIFA.

3.2 Referee:

• Each match is controlled by a referee who has full authority to enforce the Laws of the Game in connection with the match.
• The decisions of the referee regarding facts connected with play, including whether or not a goal is scored and the result of the match, are final.
• The referee may be assisted by a video assistant referee (VAR) only in the event of a ‘clear and obvious error’ or ‘serious missed incident’ in relation to: (i) goal/no goal, (ii) penalty/no penalty, (iii) direct red card (not second caution) and (iv) mistaken identity when the referee cautions or sends off the wrong player of the offending team.
• Other match officials (two assistant referees, fourth official, two additional assistant referees, reserve assistant referee, video assistant referee (VAR) and at least one assistant VAR (AVAR)) may be appointed to matches.

Assistant Referee signals:

3.3 Duration of the Game:

• A match lasts for 90 minutes (two equal halves of 45 minutes) which may only be reduced if agreed between the referee and the two teams before the start of the match and is in accordance with competition rules.
• Players are entitled to an interval at half-time, not exceeding 15 minutes; a short drinks break (which should not exceed one minute) is permitted at the interval of half-time in extra time.

3.4 Fouls and Misconduct:

• Direct and indirect free kicks and penalty kicks can only be awarded for offences committed when the ball is in play.
• A direct free kick is awarded if a player commits any of the following offences against an opponent in a manner considered by the referee to be careless, reckless or using excessive force:
  • charges
  • jumps at
  • kicks or attempts to kick
  • pushes
  • strikes or attempts to strike (including head-butt)
  • tackles or challenges
  • trips or attempts to trip
• If an offence involves contact it is penalised by a direct free kick or penalty kick.
• A penalty kick is awarded if a player commits a direct free kick offence inside their penalty area or off the field as part of play.

1. Equipment:

4.1 Ball:

• All balls must be:
  • spherical
  • made of suitable material of a circumference of between 70 cm (28 ins) and 68 cm (27 ins)
  • between 450 g and 410 g in weight at the start of the match

1. Terms Associated with Football:

Source: bundesliga

• Centre spot, corner, corner arc, field, pitch, goal, goal line, halfway line, penalty arc, penalty area, penalty spot, sideline, touchline, back/fullback, forward, goalkeeper, linesman, midfielder, referee, substitute, sweeper, (final) whistle, corner, corner kick, extra time, free kick, header, kick-off, offside, penalty shoot-out, penalty, throw-in, Hattrick, foul, left out, right out, stopper, defender, move, pass, and come back.

1. Governing bodies:

• Federation Internationale de Football Association (FIFA), the highest governing body of Football in the world was founded in 1904.
• FIFA is headquartered at Zurich, Switzerland.
• Gianni Infantino is the President of FIFA from 26 February 2016.
• There are six confederations recognized by FIFA which oversee the game in the different continents and regions of the world.

1. International tournaments:

7.1 FIFA World Cup:

• The most prestigious football tournament of World.
  • First Edition: Hosted by Uruguay in 1930 and won by Uruguay
  • Most Titles: Brazil - 5 (1958, 1962, 1970, 1994, 2002)
• FIFA U-20 World Cup
• FIFA U-17 World Cup
• FIFA Confederations Cup
• FIFA Club World Cup
• FIFA Futsal World Cup
• FIFA Women’s World Cup

7.2 FIFA Confederations Cup:

• UEFA European Football Championship (Euros)
• UEFA Nations League
• AFC Asian Cup
• CAF Africa Cup of Nations
• CONMEBOL Copa America
• CONCACAF Gold Cup
• OFC Nations Cup

7.3 Club Competitions:

• FIFA Club World Cup
• UEFA Europa League
• AFC Champions League
• CONMEBOL Copa Libertadores

1. Football in India:

• The origin of football in India can be traced back to 19^th It was introduced to students of Calcutta by British Soldiers.
• Nagendra Prasad Sarbadhakari, known as the Father of Indian Football forced his classmates into playing the game in his school compound. Attracted by the enthusiasm of the boys in the school, the European teachers of the school and adjacent colleges encouraged Nagendra Prasad and his companions to promote the game among the students surrounding Calcutta.
• India’s first football tournament, Durand Cup was started by Sir Mortimer Durand in 1888.
  • The tournaments started as a military tournament and the first edition was won by Royal Scots Fusiliers, who defeated Highland Light Infantry 2–1 in the Finals.
• Calcutta FC, established in 1872 was the first football club of India.
• Mohun Bagan Athletic Club, the oldest surviving football club of India was set up in 1889.
• The first Indian team to achieve success was Sovabazar Club, which won the Trades Cup in 1892.
• The Indian Football Association (IFA) was established in Calcutta in 1893 (no Indian members till 1920s).
• Mohun Bagan AC created history by defeating East Yorkshire Regiment 2–1 in the finals of the IFA Shield and became the first Indian team to win a major tournament.
• The Indian team which consisted of both Indian and British players, led by the legendary Indian footballer Gostha Pal made a trip to Sri Lanka in 1924.
• The All India Football Federation (AIFF) was formed in 1937, when representatives of football associations of six regions met at the Army Headquarters, Simla.
• The first player ever to score a hat-trick for India in an international football match was R. Lumsden. He achieved the feat in a friendly match against Australia on 24 September 1938.
• India participated in the 1948 London Olympics and lost to France.
• India became the first Asian team to play in Olympic semi-finals (1956 Olympics).
• Neville D'Souza became the first Asian to score a hat-trick in the Olympics and he finished as the joint top goal scorer in the tournament with 4 goals.

Tournaments won by Indian Football Team:

• AFC Challenge Cup (1): 2008
• Asian Games (2): 1951, 1962
• SAFF Championship (7): 1993, 1997, 1999, 2005, 2009, 2011, 2015
• Nehru Cup (3): 2007, 2009, 2012

Prominent India Football Players:

• Men: Sunil Chhetri, Bhaichung Bhutia, Sandesh Jhingan, Gurpreet Singh Sandhu, Jeje Lalpekhlua, Neville D’Souza, Sailen Manna, I. M. Vijayan, Sheoo Mewalal, Shyam Thapa, Pradip Kumar Banerjee, Sahal Abdul Samad, Udanta Singh and many more.
• Women: Ngangom Bala Devi, Sangita Basfore, Lako Phuti Bhutia, Jyoti Ann Burrett, Oinam Bembem Devi, Aditi Chauhan, Grace Dangmei, Dalima Chibber, Loitongbam Ashalata Devi, Maymol Rocky and many more.
  

Indian Men's Football Team

Indian Women's Football team

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