Tiger Reserves in India
Tiger Reserves
- Tiger reserves are administered by the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA).
- On the recommendation of NTCA, the state government has the power to notify a region as a tiger reserve.
- As of July 2021, there are 52 tiger reserves spreading across 20 states (tiger reserve states) of India. Srivilliputhur Meghamalai in Tamilnadu was the 51st and Ramgarh Vishdhari Wildlife Sanctuary in Rajastan was 52nd Tiger reserve (Jun 2021)
- India is home to nearly 70% of tiger population of the world.
STRUCTURE:
- A tiger reserve is demarcated on the basis of ‘core-buffer strategy’ which includes:
(i) Core zone
(ii) Buffer zone
Important Facts
- Largest Tiger Reserve in India- Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve (Andhra Pradesh, Telangana)
- Smallest Tiger Reserve in India- Bor Tiger Reserve (Maharashtra)
PROJECT TIGER
- It was launched in the country in the year 1973 in Palamau Tiger Reserve
- With the assistance of World Wildlife Fund (WWF) on the recommendation of a special task-force of the Indian Board for Wildlife.
NATIONAL TIGER CONSERVATION AUTHORITY (NTCA)
- Statutory body established under the Wildlife (Protection) Amendment Act, 2006.
- NTCA was recommended by Tiger Task Force.
- It is responsible for all the measures and actions taken under the project tiger for the conservation of the tiger.
- Chairperson: Minister for Environment and Forests
- Vice-chairperson: Minister of State for Environment and Forests
- The NTCA / Project Tiger also conducts the country level assessment of the status of tiger, co-predators, prey and habitat once in every four years. It is done using the refined methodology, as approved by the Tiger Task Force.
INTERNATIONAL COOPERATIONS
- A Global Tiger Forum of Tiger Range Countries has been created.
- ‘New Delhi Resolution’ was passed in third Asian Ministerial Conference on Tiger Conservation.
- Bhutan, Nepal, and Bangladesh joined hands with India to conclude ‘tiger census-2018’ in the subcontinent.
RECENT UPDATES
- For 2018 census counting, NTCA has developed an android app named ‘M-STrIPES’.
Objective:
(i) for the proper location, data feeding and filling the record more accurately.
(ii) to strengthen the patrolling and surveillance of tigers. - The primary focus of the tiger census 2018: to cover the northeast India that was not included in the previous census.
List: 52 Tiger Reserves in India
Sr. No. | Name of Tiger Reserve (Year of creation) | State | ||
1 | Bandipur (1973-74) | Karnataka | ||
2 | Corbett (1973-74) | Uttarakhand | ||
Amangarh (buffer of Corbett TR) | Uttar Pradesh | |||
3 | Kanha (1973-74) | Madhya Pradesh | ||
4 | Manas (1973-74) | Assam | ||
5 | Melghat (1973-74) | Maharashtra | ||
6 | Palamau (1973-74) | Jharkhand | ||
7 | Ranthambore (1973-74) | Rajasthan | ||
8 | Similipal (1973-74) | Odisha | ||
9 | Sunderbans (1973-74) | West Bengal | ||
10 | Periyar (1978-79) | Kerala | ||
11 | Sariska (1978-79) | Rajasthan | ||
12 | Buxa (1982-83) | West Bengal | ||
13 | Indravati (1982-83) | Chhattisgarh | ||
14 | Namdapha (1982-83) | Arunachal Pradesh | ||
15 | Dudhwa (1987-88) | Uttar Pradesh | ||
16 | Kalakad-Mundanthurai (1988-89) | Tamil Nadu | ||
17 | Valmiki (1989-90) | Bihar | ||
18 | Pench (1992-93) | Madhya Pradesh | ||
19 | Tadoba-Andhari (1993-94) | Maharashtra | ||
20 | Bandhavgarh (1993-94) | Madhya Pradesh | ||
21 | Panna (1994-95) | Madhya Pradesh | ||
22 | Dampa (1994-95) | Mizoram | ||
23 | Bhadra (1998-99) | Karnataka | ||
24 | Pench (1998-99) | Maharashtra | ||
25 | Pakke (1999-2000) | Arunachal Pradesh | ||
26 | Nameri (1999-2000) | Assam | ||
27 | Satpura (1999-2000) | Madhya Pradesh | ||
28 | Anamalai (2008-09) | Tamil Nadu | ||
29 | Udanti-Sitanadi (2008-09) | Chattisgarh | ||
30 | Satkosia (2008-09) | Odisha | ||
31 | Kaziranga (2008-09) | Assam | ||
32 | Achanakmar (2008-09) | Chattisgarh | ||
33 | Dandeli-Anshi (Kali) (2008-09) | Karnataka | ||
34 | Sanjay-Dubri (2008-09) | Madhya Pradesh | ||
35 | Mudumalai (2008-09) | Tamil Nadu | ||
36 | Nagarahole (2008-09) | Karnataka | ||
37 | Parambikulam (2008-09) | Kerala | ||
38 | Sahyadri (2009-10) | Maharashtra | ||
39 | Biligiri Ranganatha Temple (2010-11) | Karnataka | ||
40 | Kawal (2012-13) | Telangana | ||
41 | Sathyamangalam (2013-14) | Tamil Nadu | ||
42 | Mukandra Hills (2013-14) | Rajasthan | ||
43 | Nawegaon-Nagzira (2013-14) | Maharashtra | ||
44 | Nagarjunsagar Srisailam (1982-83) | Andhra Pradesh | ||
45 | Amrabad (2014) | Telangana | ||
46 | Pilibhit (2014) | Uttar Pradesh | ||
47 | Bor (2014) | Maharashtra | ||
48 | Rajaji (2015) | Uttarakhand | ||
49 | Orang (2016) | Assam | ||
50 | Kamlang (2016) | Arunachal Pradesh | ||
51 | Srivilliputhur Meghamalai | Tamilnadu | ||
52 | Ramgarh | Rajastan | ||
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