The Red Corridor States 2022 – List, History, and Significance
By BYJU'S Exam Prep
Updated on: November 14th, 2023
The Red Corridor, also known as the Red Zone, is in the region of central, eastern, and southern India. The Naxalite rebellions and Maoists are the most prevalent here. Geographical range and the number of fierce happenings are steadily declining.
Compared to the 180 affected communities in 2009, the number in 2021 dropped to 70, with 25 districts being the “most affected”. The red corridor covers 10 states of remote, forested hills rich in two types of coal and close to the three junctions of Dandakaranya, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Orissa, and West Bengal.
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Red Corridor of India
The area containing the regions of India from central, southern, and eastern parts, covering about 11 states with the major portion in Odisha, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, and Jharkhand, is considered the Red Corridor. It is famous in the news for the Maoist revolution.
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- The zone is not developed, and individuals residing in this area are economically crushed and cannot even afford the necessities of life.
- The province is the poorest in the country, with surprising levels of poverty and inequality.
- The communities under Maoist influence were trimmed from 90 to 180 in 2019.
- The red corridor states persist in encountering immense political, social, and economic challenges that remain unaddressed.
- The social network is tiered, with feudal and caste diverges.
- The tribal societies in the area have vigorous social group discrepancies, who are interested in brutality and bloodshed in specific areas of the site.
The Central States under Red Corridor was Affected by the Naxalite Movement
The Naxalite Group comprises India’s Communist Party (Maoists) armed executives. These cover parts of:
- Red Corridor Chhattisgarh
- Telangana
- West Bengal
- Jharkhand
- Madhya Pradesh
- Maharashtra
- Orissa
- Andhra Pradesh
- Bihar
Red Corridor List – Affected Districts of India
Approximately 70 districts across 10 states are impacted by Naxalist extremism as of June 2021. Check out the complete red corridor list and affected communities below.
|
State |
Count of Districts Affected |
Affected Districts |
|
West Bengal |
1 |
Jhargram |
|
Telangana |
6 |
Komaram Bheem Asifabad, Mancherial, Adilabad, Bhadradri Kothagudem, Jayashankar Bhupalpally, Mulugu |
|
Jharkhand |
16 |
Singhbhum, Garhwa, Giridih, Gumla, Hazaribagh, Bokaro, Chatra, Dhanbad, Dumka, East Khunti, Latehar, Lohardaga, Palamu, Ranchi, Saraikela Kharsawan, West Singhbhum |
|
Andhra Pradesh |
5 |
Srikakulam, Vizianagaram, Visakhapatnam, East Godavari, West Godavari |
|
Madhya Pradesh |
3 |
Mandla, Dindori, Balaghat, |
|
Bihar |
10 |
Banka, Nawada, Aurangabad, Jamui, Munger, Kaimur, Lakhisarai, Gaya, Rohtas, West Champaran |
|
Maharashtra |
2 |
Gadchiroli, Gondia |
|
Chhattisgarh |
14 |
Dhamtari, Kondagaon, Bijapur, Dantewada, Balrampur, Gariyaband, Rajnandgaon, Mahasamund, Kanker, Narayanpur, Bastar, Sukma, Kabirdham, Mungeli |
|
Kerala |
3 |
Palakkad, Malappuram, Wayanad |
|
Odisha |
10 |
Koraput, Malkangiri, Nabrangpur, Bargarh, Bolangir, Kalahandi, Kandhamal, Nuapada, Rayagada, Sundargarh |
|
Total |
70 |
Red Corridor – Economic Situation
The Red Corridor region is one of the poorest areas in the nation. Areas such as Telangana, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, and Orissa are poor and experiencing severe economic inequality.
- A vital region feature is a non-diversified economy based solely on the primary industry.
- Agriculture, sometimes increased by mining and forestry, is the mainstay of the economy and often cannot support rapid population growth.
- The region has substantial natural resources such as minerals, forestry, and possible hydropower capacity.
- For example, Orissa states that 92% of nickel, 60% of India’s bauxite reserves, 28% of manganese reserves, 28% of iron ore, and 25% of coal are layered societies with a caste-federal border.
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Important UPSC Topics |
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Social Condition of Red Corridor
This area is populated by tribes (or Adivasi), such as Gond and Santhal. Jharkhand and Bihar have people fighting over caste and tribal differences, and these are affected by brutality associated with tensions between social groups. Both Chhattisgarh and Orissa have a fairly poor tribal population.
What is the Odisha Gap in the Red Corridor?
The Red Corridor is deeply impacted by the Nepal border, touching the northernmost tip of Tamil Nadu. However, the coastal and a few central regions of Odisha show the low activity of Naxalite and depict a high literacy rate and financial diversification.
- It may be better than the states that fall under the red corridor.
- Still, overall, the indicators for the non-coastal areas of Orissa are significantly lower, and the literacy rate for the entire territory is sufficiently below the national average.
- The location of the Red Corridor is adjacent to several states and gives Maoists an advantage.
- Police cooperation is lacking at borders between states and can be easily abused.
- In addition, Maoists take advantage of differences in state government policies such as capitulation, debate, and policy strategy.
The Red Corridor is a threat to internal security. The movement has professed to defend people’s rights, but the region’s people are seriously affected.
The government strives to use the resources available to meet the needs of the people in the area.
