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Mention the similarities and differences between mitochondria and plastids.
By BYJU'S Exam Prep
Updated on: September 25th, 2023
The similarities between mitochondria and plastids are – they have two membranes and the outer membranes of plastids and mitochondria have porin protein. The differences between mitochondria and plastids are – eukaryotic cells have mitochondria while plastids are present in plant cells.
Mitochondria:
- The powerhouse of the cell is the mitochondria.
- It is an organelle in charge of producing ATP for the cell. This ATP is the currency of the cell and is primarily employed in aerobic respiration.
Plastid:
Food generation and storage are both carried out by plastids and mitochondria (glucose). They appear in a range of colors and are only found in plants.
Similarities between Mitochondria and Plastids
- Plasmids and mitochondria are two-membraned organelles.
- The plastid and mitochondrial outer membranes include porin protein, which increases the layer’s porosity.
- The fact that mitochondria and plasmids have some of their own DNA for protein synthesis has earned them the moniker semi-autonomous cell organelles.
Differences between Mitochondria and Plastids
|
Mitochondria |
Plastid |
|
This protein is present in all eukaryotic cells. |
Only found in plant cells. |
|
The main function is cell respiration. |
The main organelle involved in photosynthesis |
|
No pigments are present. |
Pigments can be found. |
|
produces starch, which is then stored as ATP and glucose. |
produces ATP and stores glucose as starch. |
|
Size-wise, smaller |
greater size |
Summary:
Mention the similarities and differences between mitochondria and plastids.
There are two membranes in both mitochondria and plastids, and porin protein is present in both structures’ outer membranes. Eukaryotic cells have mitochondria, whereas plant cells only have plastids. This is one of the differences between mitochondria and plastids.
