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Industrial Map of India UPSC – Distribution of Major Industries in India

By BYJU'S Exam Prep

Updated on: November 14th, 2023

As per the Industrial Map of India, the major industries in India are distributed unevenly. There are various factors behind this, such as uneven distribution of raw materials, enough financial resources, etc. The distribution of industries in the Industrial Map of India can be seen clearly. This post explores the distribution of the major industries in India and the reasons for their variations. The major industries in India are Iron & steel, textile, Information Technology etc.

In this article, we are going to discuss the Industrial Map of India as it holds a big importance in the UPSC Syllabus. Candidates preparing for UPSC Exam must go through this article to learn more about the major industries in India.

Industrial Map of India

Industrial Map is used to learn the patterns of existing locations of industries in dad-by-day administration of economic sectors, current and long-term planning, and scientific planning.

Industrial Map of India UPSC Notes

Industry means the economic activity that is concerned with the provision of services, production of goods, or minerals extractions. The steel industry is an example of the production of goods, and coal mining industry can be an example of the extraction industry, and the tourism industry can be tagged as the services provider industry.

Distribution of Major Industries in the Industrial Map of India

The iron and Steel industry, the Textile industry, and Information Technology are the three primary industries in India.

  • Information technology is a new addition to the Industrial Map of India. However, the iron, steel and textile industries have played a significant role in the industrialization of India.
  • As we have mentioned above, various factors play a role in the uneven distribution of major industries in India. For example, Orissa, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, etc., have the most metallic minerals. That is why these areas have a high concentration of heavy metallurgical industries.
  • Agro-based industries in India are located in the raw materials producing area. The forest-based industries are situated in areas with a heavy concentration of forest in various states. The Industrial Map of India gives a clear picture of the uneven distribution of major industries in India.

Major Industries in India – Iron and Steel Industry

The iron and steel industries in India are the feeder industries because their products are used as raw materials for the production work of other industries.

  • The inputs used in the production of Iron and steel include iron ore, limestone, coal, site, capital, infrastructure, and labour.
  • Steel is the most important raw material as it is used in every other industry. In simple words, steel is the backbone of modern industry.
  • In the Industrial Map of India, the famous steel-producing centres in India include Durgapur, Bhilai, Rourkela, Burnpur, etc. These centres are located in Jharkhand, Odisha, West Bengal, and Chhattisgarh.
  • The development of the Iron & steel industry has opened many opportunities for industrial development in India. Due to this, Iron & steel has become one of the major industries in India today.

Industrial Map of India- Cotton & Textile Industry

The raw materials for the cotton & textile industry are fibres. The fibres can be produced in two ways- Mad made and Natural.

  • The natural fibres can be obtained from silk, wool, jute, and linen. The fibres obtained from man-made procedures include nylon, acrylic, polyester, and rayon.
  • The textile industry is one of the major industries in India and one of the oldest industries in the world.
  • The first textile mill in India was established in Mumbai. Mumbai is located in a warm and moist climate, and the availability of raw materials and skilled labour also helped to enhance the industry in this area.
  • The first cotton textile mill was established in Gujurat in 1959. And after Mumbai, It became the second-largest textile city.
  • The humid climate of Mumbai and Gujurat supported the development of textile industries. However, the industries can be seen in the various regions on the Industrial Map of India.

Industrial Map of India- Information Technology Industries

The IT industry has grown significantly in the past years in India. It deals with the processing, storage, and distribution of information,

  • In a decade, the IT industries in India have achieved so much due to various supporting factors.
  • The major factors helping this industry to grow in India include the availability of cost, infrastructure, and resources.
  • Bengaluru is known as the IT hub of India. However, there are other emerging IT Hubs in India that can be seen today.

Classification of Major Industries in Industrial Map of India

The industries in India can be classified based on raw materials, ownership, and size.

  • Raw Materials– the industries can be classified based on the raw materials they use. For example, raw materials like plant and animal-based products are used in Agro-based industries.
  • Size– the industries can be classified based on the amount of capital invested, the number of employees, and the volume of production. Automobile industries are an example of large-scale industries.
  • Ownership– on the basis of ownership, the Industries in India can be divided into the Private sector, join the sector, the public sector, and the cooperative sector.

Industrial Clusters in India

Industrial clusters happen when a number of industries are located very close to each other, and they take advantage of their closeness. The Industrial clusters in India are given below.

  • Mumbai-Pune cluster
  • Hugli region
  • Vishakhapatnam-Guntur belt
  • Ahmedabad-Baroda region
  • Chota Nagpur industrial bel,
  • Gurgaon-Delhi-Meerut region
  • The Kollam-Thiruvananthapuram industrial cluster
  • Bangalore-Tamil Nadu region

Industrial Map of India UPSC

The Industrial Map of India is an important topic from the Indian Geography segment of the UPSC Syllabus. That’s why candidates preparing for the UPSC Prelims or Mains must have adequate knowledge of this topic. Going through the Industrial Map of India UPSC Notes would surely help them understand the major industries in India and their locations. To get more information on this topic, candidates can also follow some advanced UPSC Books.

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