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How is a prokaryotic cell different from a eukaryotic cell?

By BYJU'S Exam Prep

Updated on: September 25th, 2023

The lack of a nucleus distinguishes prokaryotic cells as a primitive type of cell. Eukaryotic cells are those that have a real nucleus and organelles that are bound to membranes. Difference between Prokaryotic cells and Eukaryotic cells:

Prokaryotic cell

Eukaryotic cell

These organisms have only one cell.

These could have one cell or many.

There is no nucleus

Nucleus is present

Binary fission is the method of cell division.

Mitosis is a process of cell division.

DNA is arranged in a circular pattern.

DNA is linearly organized.

Examples include microorganisms and blue-green algae.

Examples include plant and animal cells.

Prokaryotic cell

  • The Greek words pro, which means before, and karyon, which means kernel, are combined to form the word prokaryote.
  • They are the earliest known group of creatures, with fossil records dating back roughly 3.5 billion years.
  • Prokaryotic cells are those that do not contain a nucleus.
  • In prokaryotic cells, DNA is located in the cytoplasm rather than being encased in a nuclear membrane.
  • Bacteria and other single-celled organisms have prokaryotic cells.
  • Prokaryotic cells are found in living things called prokaryotes.

Eukaryotic cell

  • The word eukaryotic comes from the Greek words eu for good and karyon for kernel, which indicates that these organisms contain real nuclei.
  • Prokaryotes are less sophisticated and less developed than eukaryotes.
  • Eukaryotic cells contain the nucleus.
  • Only multicellular organisms have eukaryotic cells, which are bigger than prokaryotic cells.
  • Eukaryotes are organisms with eukaryotic cells, which include fungi, mammals, protists, and plants.
  • Eukaryotic cells feature extra organelles in addition to the nucleus.
  • A cytoplasmic structure known as an organelle performs a particular task for the cell.

Summary:

How is a prokaryotic cell different from a eukaryotic cell?

Prokaryotic cells have only one cell, whereas eukaryotic cells might have one or more cells. Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus, whereas eukaryotic cells have one. Prokaryotic cells divide through binary fission, while eukaryotic cells do.

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