GISH Full Form: GISH (Genomic in-situ Hybridization)
Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), which is a modification of fluorescent in situ hybridization, has been widely used in the study of plants. This tool has been applied to the study of genetic improvement programs, and studies of the evolution of polyploids.
In GISH, the probe is easier to obtain and may be used directly, with no need for amplification, because the amount of DNA is limitless. Probe labelling may be carried out with random primers, PCR, or nick translation; however, labelling using kits for nick translation is more widely used
Usually, genomes that share 80-85% homology can be differentiated using standard GISH conditions
GISH Full-Form PDF
GISH Full Form: Steps of GISH
The GISH Full Form follows a number of steps which is as mentioned below-
- Direct and indirect probe labelling.
- Fragmentation of the blocking DNA.
- Slide preparation.
- Probe and block DNA denaturation in a hybridization mixture.
- Addition of the hybridization mixture with the probe and the blocking DNA.
- Denaturation of the chromosome DNA.
- In situ hybridization of probe and blocking DNA in the target sequence of the chromosome.
- Detection of the probe in the chromosome DNA of one parent, in indirect labelling.
- The chromosome DNA molecule of the second parent is associated with the unlabeled blocking DNA.
- Visualization of hybridization signals associated with a probe (green) in a fluorescence microscope. Unmarked chromosomes are visualized with a counter-staining (blue). When the probe labelling is direct, the detection step of the GISH can be excluded.
GISH Full Form: Denaturation of the Chromosome DNA
In situ hybridization of probe and blocking DNA in the target sequence of the chromosome. Detection of the probe in the chromosome DNA of one parent, in indirect labelling. The chromosome DNA molecule of the second parent is associated with the unlabeled blocking DNA. Visualization of hybridization signals associated with a probe (green) in a fluorescence microscope. Unmarked chromosomes are visualized with a counter-staining (blue).
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