How is the Euler's equation of motion derived?

Newton's second law, which connects a fluid particle's change in velocity to the existence of a force, is the foundation of the Euler equation. The conservation of momentum is related to this, and as a result, the Euler equation can be seen as a result of the conservation of momentum.

What assumption is made to get the Euler equations from the general equations of motion?

It is predicated on the following assumptions: the fluid is viscous (i,e., the frictional losses are zero). It is predicated on the following assumptions: The substance is uniform and incompressible (i.e., the mass density of the fluid is constant). Continuous, constant flow is present along the streamline.

What is the difference between Euler's equation of motion and Bernoulli equation?

Euler's equation is a partial differential equation that may be integrated along the streamlines, and the integral is known as Bernoulli's equation (Bernoulli's first Theorem). Normal stresses are the diagonal components of the stress tensor; they are made up of pressure (which always operates inwards normally) and viscous stresses.

What are the assumptions made in Euler's theory?

The following presumptions served as the foundation for Euler's column theory: Column is very lengthy relative to its cross-sectional dimensions. The compressive load is initially supplied axially to an initially straight column. The column's material is isotropic, homogeneous, and elastic.

What is the application of Bernoulli's Theorem?

One can estimate how much fluid flows through a pipe using Bernoulli's equation. It allows us to measure the difference in pressure and speed that fluid experiences as it travels from one pipe with one cross-sectional area to another with a different cross-sectional area.

Euler's Equation of Motion

By Deepak Yadav|Updated : October 6th, 2022

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Euler's Equation of Motion in classical Mechanics extends Newton's laws of motion for point particles to rigid body motion. Leonhard Euler developed them around 50 years after Isaac Newton developed his laws. Fluid dynamics is a highly quantitative discipline that necessitates close attention to the physical interpretations of differential equations.

Euler's equation of motion is among the simplest to apply of all the equations used in fluid dynamics, especially in the ranges where a fluid's viscosity and compressibility are minimal. Since they can yield intuitive results and are simpler to work with than the complete Navier-Stokes equations for compressible fluids, Euler's equation of motion in fluid dynamics is typically used as the foundation for CFD classes. In this sophisticated area of mathematics, Leonhard Euler and the complex numbers used in these Euler equation components often work with both exponential and differential equations to create various fluid and fluid element requirements.

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Euler's Equation of Motion

Euler's equation of motion for a steady flow of an ideal fluid along a streamline is a relationship between a flowing fluid's velocity, pressure, and density. It is based on Newton's Second Law of Motion, which asserts that linear momentum is preserved without an external force. The Bernoulli equation is obtained by integrating it and converting it to energy per unit weight of the following fluid.

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Assumptions in Euler's Equation of Motion

Euler's Equation of Motion is based on the following assumptions:

The substance isn't viscous (i,e., the frictional losses are zero).
The substance is uniform and incompressible (i.e., the mass density of the fluid is constant).
Continuous, steady, and streamlined flow is present.
Over the section, the flow's velocity is constant.
Except for gravity and pressure forces, there is no energy or force influencing the flow.
Because no external force is applied (non-viscous flow), linear momentum is conserved.

What are Euler’s Equations in Fluid Dynamics?

Euler's equation of motion is the equation of motion and continuity that deal with a purely theoretical fluid dynamics problem known as inviscid flow. Although some very low-viscosity incompressible fluids, like water or alcohol, can be addressed in specific flow regimes, Euler's equation of motion real fluids are nevertheless viscous.

Eulers Equation of Motion PDF

Due to this, Euler's equations describe an ideal situation where fluid drag and energy dissipation are low, which is nonphysical and cannot occur in the real world. To approach Euler's equation of motion, we can estimate the Navier-Stokes equations with extremely low viscosity.

Derive Euler's Equation of Motion

We shall simply consider gravity and pressure forces in Euler's equation of motion. Other factors will be ignored.

Assumptions:
As stated here, the following presumptions are the foundation for Euler's equation of motion.

The fluid has no viscosity. Frictional losses won't exist at all.
The substance is uniform and incompressible.
The fluid moves steadily, continuously, and in a streamline.
The section's fluid flow velocity is consistent.
Only the forces of gravity and pressure will be considered.

Imagine a fluid moving from point A to point B, and consider a very small cylindrical portion of this fluid flow with length dS and cross-sectional area dA, as shown in the figure below.
Consider the forces on the cylinder: Pressure force PdA, in the direction of fluid flow.

Let's assume that the angle between the fluid flow direction and the fluid element's weight action line is θ.

As previously stated, Euler's equation of motion is founded on the fundamental premise of Newton's second law of motion. As a result, we can put the following equation here:

Net force in the direction of S over the fluid element = mass of the fluid element x acceleration in the direction of S.

Inviscid Approximation

Although Euler's equation of motion in fluid dynamics is unphysical, it can be used to describe an "almost inviscid" condition in which drag forces are significantly smaller than any externally applied forces. Euler's equations can be quickly derived from the Navier-Stokes equations in this flow regime. To begin, consider the viscous terms in the Navier-Stokes equation of motion:

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FAQs about Euler's Equation of Motion

How is the Euler's equation of motion derived?
Newton's second law, which connects a fluid particle's change in velocity to the existence of a force, is the foundation of the Euler equation. The conservation of momentum is related to this, and as a result, the Euler equation can be seen as a result of the conservation of momentum.
What assumption is made to get the Euler equations from the general equations of motion?
It is predicated on the following assumptions:
- the fluid is viscous (i,e., the frictional losses are zero).
- It is predicated on the following assumptions: The substance is uniform and incompressible (i.e., the mass density of the fluid is constant).
- Continuous, constant flow is present along the streamline.
What is the difference between Euler's equation of motion and Bernoulli equation?
Euler's equation is a partial differential equation that may be integrated along the streamlines, and the integral is known as Bernoulli's equation (Bernoulli's first Theorem). Normal stresses are the diagonal components of the stress tensor; they are made up of pressure (which always operates inwards normally) and viscous stresses.
What are the assumptions made in Euler's theory?
The following presumptions served as the foundation for Euler's column theory: Column is very lengthy relative to its cross-sectional dimensions. The compressive load is initially supplied axially to an initially straight column. The column's material is isotropic, homogeneous, and elastic.
What is the application of Bernoulli's Theorem?
One can estimate how much fluid flows through a pipe using Bernoulli's equation. It allows us to measure the difference in pressure and speed that fluid experiences as it travels from one pipe with one cross-sectional area to another with a different cross-sectional area.