Enhance your Vocabulary from Newspaper Wordlist: 8th October 2021

Our series, ‘Enhance your Vocabulary from Newspaper Wordlist’ aims to help you completely understand the commonly used words with their meanings, pronunciations, synonyms, antonyms, proper use in sentences, etc.

Given below is an important editorial from the newspaper ‘The Hindu', followed by important words from the same, to help you strengthen your vocabulary.

Happy Reading!

Recognising altruism: On rewarding Good Samaritans on road

Important Words from the Article

1. Word: Staggering (लड़खड़ाहट)

• Pronunciation: stag-er-eeng/स्टैगरिंग
• Part of Speech: Verb, Noun, Adjective
• Meaning:
  a. walk or move unsteadily as if about to fall. [Verb]
  b. astonish or deeply shock. [Verb]
  c. an unsteady walk or movement. [Noun]
  d. very shocking and surprising [Adjective]
• Synonyms: stumble, surprise, shocked
• Antonyms: comfort, relax, calm
• Usage in a sentence: It costs a staggering $50,000 per week to keep the museum open to the public.

2. Word: Toll (संख्या)

• Pronunciation: tohl/टोल
• Part of speech: Noun, Verb
• Meaning:
  a. a payment or fee exacted by the state, the local authorities, etc., for some right or privilege, as for passage along a road or over a bridge(Noun)
  b. suffering, deaths, or damage (Noun)
  c. the extent of loss, damage, suffering, etc., resulting from some action or calamity (Noun)
  d. a tax, duty, or tribute, as for services or use of facilities (Noun)
  e. to collect (something) as toll (Verb)
  f. to impose a tax or toll on (a person) (Verb)
• Synonyms: charge, price, cost, number
• Antonyms: income, earning
• Usage in a sentence:  Independent sources say that the death toll from the earthquake runs into the thousands. 

 3. Word: Fatality (नाश)

• Pronunciation: fey-tal-i-tee/ फटैलिटी
• Part of Speech: Noun
• Meaning:
  a. an occurrence of death by accident, in war, or from disease.
  b. helplessness in the face of fate.
• Synonyms: casualty, death, mortality, doom
• Antonyms: survival, salvation, sanctuary
• Usage in a Sentence: According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, there were 37,000 traffic fatalities in 2018.

4. Word: Mobility (गतिशीलता)

• Pronunciation: moh-bil-i-tee/ मोबिलिटी
• Part of Speech: Noun
• Meaning: 
  a. the ability to move or be moved freely and easily.
  b. the ability to move between different levels in society or employment.
• Synonyms: movement, motion, movability, agility
• Antonyms: permanence, immobility, laziness
• Usage in a sentence: A large body of academic research shows that inequality and lack of social mobility hurt not just those at the bottom; they hurt everyone.

5. Word: Disrupt (भंग करना)

• Pronunciation: dis-ruhpt/ डिस्रप्ट
• Part of Speech: Verb
• Meaning: 
  a. interrupt (an event, activity, or process) by causing a disturbance or problem.
  b. drastically alter or destroy the structure of.
• Synonyms: disturb, interrupt, upset, unsettle 
• Antonyms: organize, arrange, ready, order
• Usage in a Sentence: The weather disrupted our travel plans.

6. Word: Reticence (अल्पभाषिता)

• Pronunciation: ret-uh-suhns/रेटिसन्स
• Part of Speech: Noun
• Meaning:
  a. an unwillingness to do something or talk about something, for example because you are nervous or being careful
• Synonyms: reserve, restraint, taciturnity
• Antonyms: openness, honesty, alacrity
• Usage in a sentence: His reticence to divulge information about his past made them very suspicious.

7. Word: Perception (संवेदन)

• Pronunciation: per-sep-shuhn/ पर्सेप्शन
• Part of Speech: Noun
• Meaning: the ability to see, hear or become aware of something through the senses.
• Synonyms: understanding, feeling, awareness
• Antonyms: misunderstanding, incomprehension
• Usage in a Sentence: We have to change the public perception that the taxpayer's money is being wasted.

8. Word: Complication (उलझन)

• Pronunciation: kom-pli-key-shuhn/ काम्प्लकेशन
• Part of Speech: Noun
• Meaning: 
  a. a complex combination of elements or things.
  b. something that introduces, usually unexpectedly, some difficulty, problem, change, etc.
• Synonyms: difficulty, snag, problem
• Antonyms: solution, clarification, explanation
• Usage in a sentence: Because of the complications involved in travelling during the strike, we decided to postpone our trip.

9. Word: Enforcement (प्रचलन)

• Pronunciation: en-fawrs-muh nt/एन्फोर्स्मन्ट
• Part of Speech: Noun
• Meaning: the act of compelling observance of or compliance with a law, rule, or obligation. 
  
• Synonyms:  imposition, implementation
• Antonyms: dismissal, expiration
• Usage in a Sentence: The doctors want stricter enforcement of existing laws.

10. Word: Populist (लोकाधिकारवादी)

• Pronunciation: pop-yuh-list/ पाप्युलिस्ट
• Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
• Meaning:
  a) a person, especially a politician, who strives to appeal to ordinary people who feel that their concerns are disregarded by established elite groups (Noun)
  b) relating to or characteristic of a political approach that strives to appeal to ordinary people (Adjective)
• Synonyms: democrat, ordinary, egalitarian
• Antonyms: elitist, upper crust
• Usage in a Sentence: He co-opted many nationalist slogans and cultivated a populist image.

'Writer's Corner'

Based on the description of the words, we have some practice questions for you. Answer these questions in the comments section. Our team will review them at the earliest!

Exercise 1. Make your own Sentences.

Here are some of the words from the above article. Try to frame sentences from them in your own words and share them with us in the comments section!

• staggering
• toll
• fatality
• mobility 
• disrupt

Exercise 2: Match the columns.

Share your answers in the comment section. 

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