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CAT 2020 || Verbal Ability Quiz No 75 - PYQPs || 28.11.2020

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Question 1

Direction: Read the given passage carefully. Choose the most appropriate option from the given alternatives which expresses the summary of the passage.
Tavernier and Willoughby’s (2014) study explored the relationships between university students’ sleep and their intrapersonal, interpersonal, and educational development. While the authors cited many scholars, who have explored these relationships, they pointed out that most of these studies focused on unidirectional correlations over a short period of time. In contrast, Tavernier and Willoughby tested whether there was a bidirectional or unidirectional association between participants’ sleep quality and duration and several psychosocial factors including intrapersonal adjustment, friendship quality, and academic achievement. Further they conducted a longitudinal study over a period of three years in order to determine whether there were changes in the strength or direction of these associations over time. They predicted that sleep quality would correlate with measures of intrapersonal adjustment, friendship quality, and academic achievement; they further hypothesized that this correlation would be bidirectional: sleep quality would predict psychosocial measures and at the same time, psychosocial measures would predict sleep quality.
i. Lack of sleep among college students has been identified as one of the top three health related impediments to academic performance.
ii. Electronic devices in the bedroom are broadly linked with poor sleep in adolescents.
iii. Students with an irregular bedtime schedule may experience poor sleep quality.

Question 2

Direction: Read the given passage carefully. Choose the most appropriate option from the given alternatives which expresses the summary of the passage.
Apple has been criticized in recent years for releasing iterative updates of its most popular products. The iPhones 6, 6S, 7, and now 8 all look almost identical. The three versions of the Apple Watch have been the same. The device I Phone X comes with several upgrades over last year's iPhone 7 models, including improved performance with its A11 Bionic processor. It also has a new glass finish and is the first iPhone to support wireless charging. There had been hints that iPhone 8 demand was lower than previous models earlier this month, when the company started offering pre-orders on the iPhone 8. Days after pre-orders were offered, some iPhone 8 models were still available.

Question 3

Direction: Choose the option that best captures the essence of the text.
The Fed's jealously guarded "independence," its freedom from Presidential or Congressional influence in the formulation of monetary policy, has become not only an anachronism but an obstacle to responsible monetary policy-making in a difficult economic period when close cooperation among all branches of government is required to achieve economic goals. Due to the System's domination by banking interests, the Fed had presented no opposition to the often short-sighted wishes of the banking community, thus exacerbating an already deteriorating situation which might lead to a dire strait.

Question 4

Direction: Five statements are given below, labelled A, B, C, D and E. Among these, four statements are in a logical order and form a coherent paragraph. From the given options, choose the correct order and the sentences and the statement that does not fit into the major theme of the passage.

A) In addition to polluting the air and warming the planet, India’s thermal power plants are consuming excessive amounts of water, in many cases beyond the permissible limits set by the environment ministry.
B) About 51% of 156 thermal plants across 12 states whose data could be obtained declared themselves compliant with water norms early this year.
C) Water leaks and electricity bridges add to the financial burdens because the consumption bill is larger than the amount that is recovered.
D) This excessive water consumption is causing water stress, which affects households, farms and industries in the plant’s neighbourhood.
E) Up to 40% of India’s thermal plants are located in areas facing acute water shortages, according to an analysis by the World Resources Institute and are worsening the water crisis there.

Question 5

Direction: Five statements are given below, labelled A, B, C, D and E. Among these, four statements are in a logical order and form a coherent paragraph. From the given options, choose the correct order and the sentences and the statement that does not fit into the major theme of the passage.

A) As adolescents become mothers at an early age, it compromises their health, ability to pursue education or become economically self-reliant.
B) In India, family planning, as any other development indicator, is inextricably linked with socio-economic and gender dynamics.
C) Girls are forced into early marriage as they are considered a financial burden, or a cause for dishonour to the family if they experience sexual violence.
D) Prevailing myths and social norms pose a huge barrier to men sharing the responsibility for planned families.
E) Regressive social norms continue to undermine the position of girls and women in many parts of India.

Question 6

Direction:  In the following question, out of the given alternatives, select the appropriate meaning for the given idiom/phrase.

Cut to the chase

Question 7

Direction: In the following question, a short passage with one of the lines in the passage missing and represented by a blank is given. Select the best out of the five answer choices given, to make the passage complete and coherent (coherent means logically complete and sound).
China's economy has enjoyed 30 years of double-digit growth, making it the world's largest. Its success was based on a command economy that drove growth through government spending. China’s success is inseparable from its much reformed decision-making process, which can be described as neo-democratic centralism or a modern form of democratic centralism. This decision-making process receives inputs from thousands of think tanks, government agencies, universities, prominent scholars and professionals, including not infrequently heated debates in the social media and on the micro-blogging Weibo. The old Soviet-style decision-making process was indeed more about centralism than democracy, but ______.

Question 8

Direction: In the following question, a short passage with one of the lines in the passage missing and represented by a blank is given. Select the best out of the five answer choices given, to make the passage complete and coherent (coherent means logically complete and sound).
Does this mean that history has always moved in the same direction, that inequality has been going up continuously since the dawn of civilization? A cursory look around us makes it clear that this cannot possibly be true; otherwise, there would be no broad middle class or thriving consumer culture, and everything worth having might now be owned by a handful of trillionaires ____________________ . All of these developments played an important role, and yet, at best, furnish only a part of the answer.

Question 9

Direction: In the following question, a short passage with one of the lines in the passage missing and represented by a blank is given. Select the best out of the five answer choices given, to make the passage complete and coherent (coherent means logically complete and sound).
Over the past five centuries, Western culture has gradually marginalized and pathologized ecstasy ________. In most cultures, ecstasy is a connection to the spirit world. In our culture, since the 17th century, if you suggest you’re connected to the spirit world, you’re likely to be considered ignorant, eccentric or unwell.

Question 10

Direction: In each of the following questions a short passage is given with one of the lines in the passage missing by a blank. Select the best out of the five answer choices given, to make the passage complete and coherent.
India is the world’s largest producer of sugarcane and second largest producer of sugar after Cuba. This industry involves a total capital investment of Rs. 1,250 crore and provides employment to 2.86 lakh workers. In addition, 2.50 crore sugarcane growers also get benefit from this industry. India has a long tradition of manufacturing sugar. References of sugar making by the Indians are found even in the Atharva Veda. India is rightly called the homeland of sugar. But in ancient times, only gur and khandsari were made ______
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