BPSC Minerals and Energy Resources of Bihar Study Notes and Study Material

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Here, we are giving the complete study material of ‘Minerals and Energy Resources of Bihar’ that will ease the journey of aspirants to crack competitive examinations like BPSC and other state-level examinations.

Minerals and Energy Resources

Minerals:

• South Bihar has a greater concentration of minerals than North Bihar
• Prior to the bifurcation, Bihar was one of the leading producers of minerals.
• Manganese
  • India is the 5th largest producer and has the 9th largest reserves in the world.
  • It is used in the Iron and Steel industry for making alloy.
  • In Bihar, it is found in Patna, Munger and Gaya.
• Mica
  • 3 varieties of mica are found in India – Muscovite, Phlogopite, and Biotite.
  • Mica that is found in Bihar and Jharkhand is Muscovite.
  • For its insulating property, it is used abundantly in the electronics industry.
  • Prior to the bifurcation, Bihar was a leader in mica production.
  • It is found in Southeast Bihar in the districts of Nawada, Jamui, Muzaffarpur, Gaya.
  • In Jharkhand, it is found in Hazaribagh, Koderma, and Giridih.
• Pyrite
  • It is the sulfide of iron, chiefly used for making Sulphuric acid.
  • Industries like fertiliser, petroleum, steel etc. use Sulphuric acid.
  • Mainly found in the Sone valley and Vidhyan belt in Rohtas district.
  • Author (Rohtas) has an iron pyrite industry.
• Limestone
  • It chiefly consists of Calcium Carbonate.
  • Limestone deposits are of sedimentary origin.
  • Good quality limestone is used in the cement industry while low quality is used in the iron and building construction industry.
  • In Rohtas, Munger and Kaimur, good quality limestones are found.
• Asbestos
  • It is fibrous in nature.
  • It can be used in fireproof safes, insulators, insulating mats etc.
  • Asbestos cement is used in making sheets, pipes, and tiles for building purposes.
  • In Bihar, it is mainly found in Munger.
• Monazite is found in Gaya and Munger.
• Quartz
  • It is found in Munger.
  • It is used in the cement and power industries.
• Uranium
  • It is found in Gaya.
  • It is used in nuclear reactors.
• Beryllium
  • It is used as a moderator in the nuclear reactor.
  • It is found in the Gaya district.
• Bauxite
  • It is an important ore of aluminium.
  • It is not a specific mineral but a rock consisting mainly of hydrated aluminium oxides.
  • It is found in the Munger and Rohtas district.
• Gold
  • It is found in the Jamui district.
  • It is auriferous lodes and some of it is found in the sands of rivers.
  • It is used for making ornaments and is also used as an international currency. 
• FELDSPAR
  • It is found along with quartz in Pegmatite rocks.
  • It has applications in ceramic, glass and refractory industries.
  • Feldspar is found in Munger, Gaya and Jamui district.
• LEAD
  • This is obtained from a mineral named Galena.
  • Lead is used in many forms.
  • It is Found in Banka and Rohtas District.

Energy Resources:

• Availability of adequate, reliable, affordable and quality power is necessary for economic growth and to sustain that growth.
• It generates employment thus leading to the elimination of poverty and human development.
• The per capita power consumption of Bihar is 327.7 kWh much lower than India’s 1030.25 kWh.
• But still, Bihar has faced the power deficit continuously.
• Bihar State Electricity Board was set up in April 1958 under the Electricity Supply Act.
  • It was mandated for the generation, transmission, and distribution in Bihar.
• Power generation in Bihar is primarily based on fossil fuels.
• But to promote renewable energy, Bihar Govt. has created an agency called Bihar Renewable Energy Development Agency (BREDA)
• Barauni Thermal Power Plant
  • The only power plant under the state sector.
  • It is based on the oil refinery at Barauni.
  • It was established in 1970 with Russian help.
• Kanti Bijli Utpadan Nigam Limited
  • It is a joint venture of NTPC and Bihar State Power Generation Company Limited.
• Kosi Hydel Power Station
  • Constructed on the river Kosi in Supaul
  • It was commissioned in 1970.
  • It was handed over to the Bihar govt. in 16^th November 2003
• New Projects – Thermal
  • Nabinagar Power Plant
    • The project is located in Aurangabad.
    • It will be a coal-based plant.
  • Pirpainti Power Plant
    • The project will be constructed at Bhagalpur.
    • It will be constructed by NHPC.
  • Kajara Power Plant
    • The project will be constructed at Lakhisarai.
    • It will be constructed by NTPC.
  • New Projects – Hydel
    • Chausa Hydel Power Plant in Buxar
    • Mathai Hydel Power Project in West Champaran
  • Ultra-Mega Power Power Project will be constructed in Banka.

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