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Important Inventions & Discoveries for SSC, Railways and Other Govt. Exams 2023

By BYJU'S Exam Prep

Updated on: September 25th, 2023

In the upcoming SSC CGL 2023 Tier 2, SSC CHSL 2023 Tier 2 , SSC MTS 2023 and other exams like SSC CPO, Static GK questions will be asked to check the general knowledge of the candidates. Inventions & Discoveries is one of the most important topics of static GK. As seen in the previous year’s exams too, 2-5 questions have been asked from this topic. Students are advised to read the below-given list thoroughly. Also, you can download the PDF of the complete list from the link provided below. 

Inventions and Discoveries for SSC & Railway Exams: Physics

Inventions/Discoveries 

Name of the Person/Scientist

Year of Invention/ Discovery

Amplitude Modulation (AM)

Reginald Fessenden

1901

Air Brake

George Westinghouse

1869

Air Pressure

Evangelista Torricelli

 

Anemometer

Leon Battista Alberti

1450

Ammeter

Friedrich Dexler

1884

Anode Rays

Eugen Goldstein

 –

Atomic Nucleus

Ernest Rutherford

 –

Battery

Alessandro Volta

 –

Barometer

Evangelista Torricelli

1643

Calorimeter

Antoine Lavoisier

1780

Cathode Ray Tube

Ferdinand Braun

1897

Celsius

Anders Celsius

1742

Dynamometer

Edme Rednier

1798

Electromagnet

William Sturgeon

1825

Fuel Cell

William Grove

1839

Inclinometer

William B. Melick

1889

Gamma Rays

Paul Villard (first observed while investigating radiation)

1900

Gravity

Sir Isaac Newton

1687

Hubble Space Telescope

NASA (Telescope is name after Edwin Hubble)

1990

Induction Motor

Nikola Tesla

1887

Large Hadron Collider

CERN

2008

LCD

Friedrich Reinitzer

1968

LED

Nick Holonyak, Oleg Losev

1962

Kinetoscope

Louis Le Prince, later patented by Thomas Edison in 1889

Magnetometer

Sheldon Breiner

1832

Mercury Thermometer

Gabriel Fahrenheit

1714

Microscope

Zacharias Janssen and Hans Lippershey

1590

Steam Turbine

Charles Parson

1698

Transformer

William Stanley

1885

Vernier Caliper

Pierre Vernier

 

Inventions and Discoveries for SSC & Railway Exams: Chemistry

Inventions/Discoveries 

Name of the Person/Scientist

Year of Invention/ Discovery

Acid

Albert Hofmann

1938

Aluminum

Charles Martin Hall

1825

Atoms

John Dalton (Theorized), later discovered by J.J Thomson in 1897

Covalent Bonds

Gilbert Newton Lewis

1916

Dynamite

Alfred Nobel

1867

Electrons

J J Thomson

1897

Hydrogen

Henry Cavendish

1766

Inert Gases

Sir William Ramsay

1962

Ionic Bonds

Svante August Arrhenius

1884

Neutron

James Chadwick

1932

Osmosis

Jean Antoine Nollet

1748

Oxygen

Joseph Priestley, Carl Wilhelm and Scheele

1774

Polythene

Eric Fawcett

1933

Proton

Ernest Rutherford

1919

pH meter

Soren Peder Lauritz

1909

Radioactivity

Henri Becquerel

1896

Periodic Table

Dmitri Mendeleev

1869

Neon

Georges Claude & Paris

1910

Polyvinyl Chloride

Eugen Baumann

1872

Synthetic Rubber

Fritz Hofmann

1909

Titanium

William Kroll

1791

Radium

Pierre Curie and Marie Curie

1898

Inventions and Discoveries for SSC & Railway Exams: Biology

Inventions/Discoveries 

Name of the Person/Scientist

Year of Invention/ Discovery

Anesthesia

Thomas Green Morton

1938

Aspirin

Felix Hoffman

1897

Anthrax Vaccine

Louis Pasteur

1881

Automated DNA Sequencer

Lloyd M Smith

1987

Bacteria

Antonie Van Leewenhoek

1676

Microbes

Antonie Van Leewenhoek and Robert Hooke

1665

BCG Vaccine

Camille Guerin and Albert Calmette

1921

Blood Group

Karl Landsteiner

1901

Calcium

Humphry Davy

1808

Cholera Vaccine

Waldemar Haffkine

1892

Cell

Robert Hooke

1665

Cell Nucleus

Robert Brown

1831

DDT (Dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane)

Paul Hermann Muller

1940

ECG

Willem Einthoven

1887

Rubella Vaccine

Maurice Hilleman

1962

Hepatitis B Virus

Baruch Blumberg

1965

Hepatitis B Vaccine

Pablo DT Valenzuela

1986

Homeopathy and Allopathy

Samuel Hahnemann

1810

HIV

Luc Montagnier

1983

Insulin

Frederick Banting and J J R Macleod

1922

Polio Vaccine

Jonas Edward Salk

1955

Plague Vaccine

Waldemar Haffkine

1936

Penicillin

Alexander Fleming

1928

Smallpox Vaccine

Edward Jenner

1796

Spiral Structure of Protein

Linus Pauling

1951

Kidney Dialysis

Willem Johan Kolff

1943

X Ray

Wilhelm Rontgen

1895

Vitamin

Casimir Funk

1912

Vitamin A

Frederick Gowland Hopkins

1937

Vitamin B1

Christiaan Eijkman

1910

Vitamin C

Albert Szent-Gyorgi

1928

Vitamin E

Herbert McLean Evans and Katherine Scott Bishop

1922

Vitamin K

Henrik Dam

1929

Inventions and Discoveries for SSC & Railway Exams: Computer

Inventions/Discoveries 

Name of the Person/Scientist

Year of Invention/ Discovery

Apple’s IPhone

Steve Jobs

2007

Email

Ray Tomlinson

1978

Cable Modem

Rouzbeh Yassini

1990

C++

Bjarne Stroustrup

1979

C Programming Language

Dennis Ritchie

1972

Facebook

Mark Zuckerberg

2004

Google

Sergey Brin and Larry Page

1998

Laptop

Adam Osborne

1982

JAVA Computing Language

James Gosling

1991

Microprocessors

Stan Mazor, Federico Faggin, Ted Hoff

1971

Python

Guido Van Rossum

1991

Webcam

Paul Jardetzky and Quentin Stafford Fraser

1991

Search Engine

Alan Emtage

1990

Surface Computing

Microsoft

2001

Smartphone

IBM

1994

Supercomputers

Seymour Cray

1960

TCP/ IP

Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn

1983

Walkie-Talkie

Bill Vogel, Henryk Magnuski, Marion Bond, Lloyd Morris, Dan Noble

1937

World Wide Web

Robert Cailliau, Tim Berners, and Lee

1989

Yahoo

David Filo and Jerry Yang

1994

Inventions and Discoveries for SSC & Railway Exams: Space Science

Inventions/Discoveries 

Name of the Person/Scientist

Year of Invention/ Discovery

Ballistic Missile

Wernher Von Braun

1944

Global Positioning System

Ivan A. Getting Roger L. Easton Bradford Parkinson

1973

Uranus

William Herschel

1781

Communication Satellite

Arthur C. Clarke

1958

Universe

Edwin Hubble

Solar System

Nicolaus Copernicus

1839

Planets

Galileo Galilei

Inventions and Discoveries for SSC & Railway Exams: Other Inventions

Inventions/Discoveries 

Name of the Person/Scientist

Year of Invention/ Discovery

Airplane

Wilbur and Orville Wright, The Wright Brothers

1903

Calculator

Blaise Pascal

1642

Electric Bulb

Thomas Edison

1879

Fan

Schuyler Skaats Wheeler

1889

Newspaper

Johann Carolous

1605

Printing Press

Johannes Gutenberg

1439

Radio

Guglielmo Marconi

1896

Telephone

Alexander Graham Bell

1876

Television

Philo Taylor Farnsworth

1934

Download PDF of Important Inventions and Discoveries for SSC & Railways Exams

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